行为对比作为强化时程位置的函数。
Behavioral contrast as a function of the temporal location of reinforcement.
出版信息
J Exp Anal Behav. 1976 Jul;26(1):57-64. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1976.26-57.
Pigeons were trained on a multiple variable-interval variable-interval schedule of reinforcement. One component was then changed to a variation of a fixed-interval schedule in which the same rate of reinforcement was obtained as previously but the location of the reinforcer was fixed within the component. The effects of different temporal locations were compared. An increase in response rate for the unchanged variable-interval component (behavioral contrast) occurred when the reinforcer was located in the middle or at the end of the FI component, but response suppression occurred when it was located at the beginning of the component. The pattern of results cannot be explained by any previous theories of contrast. The overall response rates, and the pattern of local rates within the components, were consistent with the hypothesis that the major determinant of the contrast effect was the transition to a lower reinforcement rate following the unchanged component.
鸽子接受了一项多变量间隔-可变间隔强化时间表的训练。然后，其中一个组成部分被改变为固定间隔时间表的变体，其中获得的强化率与之前相同，但强化物的位置在该组成部分内固定。比较了不同时间位置的效果。当强化物位于 FI 成分的中间或末端时，未改变的可变间隔成分的反应率增加（行为对比），但当强化物位于成分的开始时，反应受到抑制。这些结果模式不能用任何先前的对比理论来解释。整体反应率以及组成部分内的局部速率模式与假设一致，即对比效应的主要决定因素是在不变组成部分之后过渡到较低的强化率。
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