一个关于行为对比的方程。
An equation for behavioral contrast.
作者信息
Williams B A, Wixted J T
出版信息
J Exp Anal Behav. 1986 Jan;45(1):47-62. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1986.45-47.
Abstract
Pigeons were trained on a three-component multiple schedule in which the rates of reinforcement in the various components were systematically varied. Response rates were described by an equation that posits that the response-strengthening effects of reinforcement are inversely related to the context of reinforcement in which it occurs, and that the context is calculated as the weighted average of the various sources of reinforcement in the situation. The quality of fits was comparable to that found with previous quantitative analyses of concurrent schedules, especially for relative response rates, with over 90% of the variance accounted for in every case. As with previous research, reinforcements in the component that was to follow received greater weights in determining the context than did reinforcements in the preceding component.
摘要
鸽子在一个三成分多重强化程序中接受训练，其中各成分的强化率被系统地改变。反应率由一个方程描述，该方程假定强化的反应增强效应与它发生时的强化情境呈反比，并且情境被计算为该情境中各种强化源的加权平均值。拟合质量与之前对并发程序的定量分析结果相当，特别是对于相对反应率，在每种情况下超过90%的方差都得到了解释。与之前的研究一样，后续成分中的强化在决定情境时比前一个成分中的强化具有更大的权重。
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