Fonseca-Aten Monica, Michaels Marian G
Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Semin Pediatr Surg. 2006 Aug;15(3):153-61. doi: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2006.03.009.
Despite the progress made in graft and patient survival in recent years, infectious complications remain a major source of morbidity and mortality in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. The risk of infection after transplant is determined by the interaction of several factors, including age, type of organ transplanted, type and intensity of immunosuppression, environmental exposures, and the consequences of invasive procedures. Compared with adult transplant recipients, children are at higher risk of developing primary infection with various organisms after transplantation, as they often lack previous immunity from natural exposure to many microbes and often have not completed their primary immunization series at the time of transplantation. This article provides an overview of the risk factors, timing, and types of infectious complications associated with organ transplantation in children.
尽管近年来在移植物和患者存活方面取得了进展，但感染性并发症仍然是小儿实体器官移植受者发病和死亡的主要原因。移植后感染的风险由多种因素相互作用决定，包括年龄、移植器官类型、免疫抑制的类型和强度、环境暴露以及侵入性操作的后果。与成人移植受者相比，儿童在移植后发生各种病原体原发性感染的风险更高，因为他们往往缺乏因自然接触多种微生物而产生的既往免疫力，并且在移植时通常尚未完成基础免疫接种系列。本文概述了与儿童器官移植相关的感染性并发症的危险因素、发生时间和类型。
