Schiff Andrea
Universität Witten/Herdecke, Institut für Pflegewissenschaft, Frankfurt.
Pflege. 2006 Jun;19(3):163-73. doi: 10.1024/1012-5302.19.3.163.
Insomnia is a frequent problem among elderly people. As a consequence, sedative hypnotic drugs are prescribed very often that can lead to problematic effects. As an alternative to sedative hypnotic drugs nurses use relaxing interventions to promote sleep. One of these techniques, the back massage, is very popular because of the expected relaxing effect of touch. Against this background, this review includes 16 surveys of the international nursing literature and the German literature until the year 2004, that analyse the most common intervention in Germany, the "Atemstimulierende Einreibung" (similar to Effleurage). These studies are presented and evaluated. The results indicate that these interventions promote relaxation and sleep and that they are perceived as very pleasant by the elderly. However; they do not explain in detail the reasons for effects these and the role of touch. This review shows that further research (RCTs) is necessary to determine the effects of back massage and "Atemstimulierende Einreibung" on relaxation and sleep.
失眠是老年人中常见的问题。因此，镇静催眠药物的处方非常频繁，这可能会导致问题。作为镇静催眠药物的替代方法，护士使用放松干预措施来促进睡眠。其中一种技术，背部按摩，因其预期的触摸放松效果而非常受欢迎。在此背景下，本综述涵盖了截至2004年对国际护理文献和德国文献的16项调查，这些调查分析了德国最常见的干预措施“呼吸刺激按摩”（类似于轻抚法）。这些研究被呈现并评估。结果表明，这些干预措施促进了放松和睡眠，并且老年人认为它们非常舒适。然而，它们没有详细解释这些效果的原因以及触摸的作用。本综述表明，有必要进行进一步的研究（随机对照试验）来确定背部按摩和“呼吸刺激按摩”对放松和睡眠的影响。
