White J D, Norris J M, Baral R M, Malik R
Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Australia.
Aust Vet J. 2006 Jun;84(6):188-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2006.tb12796.x.
To describe cases of naturally occurring feline chronic renal disease (CRD) in a defined population of Sydney.
Prospective case series.
The inclusion criteria were the presence of a serum creatinine concentration above the reference range with either inadequately concentrated urine (urine specific gravity < or = 1.035), necropsy findings consistent with CRD, renal proteinuria or persistent azotaemia despite rehydration. Cats were excluded if a specific aetiology was identified ante or post mortem. Patients were divided into two categories (renal insufficiency or renal failure) on the basis of history, physical findings and serum creatinine concentration. The gender and age of cats with CRD was compared to an estimated Australian urban pet cat population. The breeds of cats with CRD were compared to the breeds of cats visiting the respective veterinary hospital where possible. Breed and gender comparisons were made using Fisher's exact tests. Age comparisons were made using Mann-Whitney U tests. The age at which cats were diagnosed with CRD was compared between veterinary hospitals using a Kruskal-Wallis test.
One hundred and eighty-four (99 female; 85 male) cats fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Amongst cats with CRD, males (median 12 years) were significantly younger than females (median 15 years; p = 0.001). The overall proportion of male and female cats with CRD was similar to that of the reference urban cat population (p = 0.41), however, between the ages of 9 and 11 years, male cats with CRD were over-represented (p = 0.038). Patients diagnosed with renal insufficiency (123 cats; median age 15 years) were significantly older than patients diagnosed with renal failure (61 cats; median age 11 years; p = 0.0001). The age at diagnosis of cats with CRD differed significantly between veterinary hospitals (p = 0.002).
Male cats with CRD were significantly younger than female cats with CRD. Younger cats were more likely to be diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease than older cats. The age at which cats were diagnosed with CRD was influenced by the clinic the cats attended. Whether these differences reflect differences in the aetiology of CRD or in the rate of disease progression warrants further investigation. Breed did not appear to play a significant role in the development of CRD in this survey.
描述悉尼特定猫群中自然发生的猫慢性肾病（CRD）病例。
前瞻性病例系列研究。
纳入标准为血清肌酐浓度高于参考范围，同时伴有尿液浓缩功能不全（尿比重≤1.035）、尸检结果符合CRD、肾性蛋白尿或补液后仍持续氮血症。若生前或死后确定有特定病因，则将猫排除。根据病史、体格检查结果和血清肌酐浓度将患者分为两类（肾功能不全或肾衰竭）。将患有CRD的猫的性别和年龄与澳大利亚城市宠物猫估计数量进行比较。将患有CRD的猫的品种与前往各自兽医医院就诊的猫的品种进行尽可能的比较。品种和性别比较采用Fisher精确检验。年龄比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。使用Kruskal-Wallis检验比较不同兽医医院中猫被诊断为CRD的年龄。
184只猫（99只雌性；85只雄性）符合纳入标准。在患有CRD的猫中，雄性（中位年龄12岁）明显比雌性（中位年龄15岁；p = 0.001）年轻。患有CRD的雄性和雌性猫的总体比例与参考城市猫群相似（p = 0.41），然而，在9至11岁之间，患有CRD的雄性猫比例过高（p = 0.038）。被诊断为肾功能不全的患者（123只猫；中位年龄15岁）明显比被诊断为肾衰竭的患者（61只猫；中位年龄11岁；p = 0.0001）年龄大。不同兽医医院中猫被诊断为CRD的年龄存在显著差异（p = 0.002）。
患有CRD的雄性猫比患有CRD的雌性猫明显年轻。与老年猫相比，年轻猫更有可能在疾病晚期被诊断出来。猫被诊断为CRD的年龄受其就诊诊所的影响。这些差异是否反映了CRD病因或疾病进展速度的差异，值得进一步研究。在本次调查中，品种似乎在CRD的发生中未起重要作用。
