Zhou Xinlin, Chen Chuansheng, Dong Qi, Zhang Hongchuan, Zhou Renlai, Zhao Hui, Chen Chunhui, Qiao Sibing, Jiang Ting, Guo Yi
The State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
Neuropsychologia. 2006;44(12):2500-7. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.04.003. Epub 2006 Jul 7.
This study compared the event-related potentials elicited by single-digit addition, subtraction, and multiplication problems. With a delayed verification paradigm, 18 Chinese undergraduates were first asked to solve the arithmetic problems that were presented visually for 200 ms and, after 1.5 s, to judge whether a presented solution was correct or not. Results showed that, compared to addition and subtraction, multiplication elicited a greater N300 at the left frontal electrodes peaking around 320 ms (in the interval between 275 and 334 ms after the onset of the arithmetic problem). To control for the confounding effects of task difficulty and solution size, comparisons were further made between "large" addition problems (with sums between 11 and 17) and "small" multiplication problems (with products between 6 and 24). Similar results were obtained (i.e., a significant difference between addition and multiplication in the N300 component between 296 and 444 ms). Source analyses demonstrated that a single dipole in the left anterior brain areas could have contributed to the topographies of the difference waveforms ("multiplication-addition", "multiplication-subtraction", and "'small' multiplication-'large' addition"). These results are interpreted in terms of the greater reliance on phonological processing for the retrieval of multiplication facts than for the retrieval of addition and subtraction facts.
本研究比较了个位数加法、减法和乘法问题所引发的事件相关电位。采用延迟验证范式，首先要求18名中国大学生解决以视觉方式呈现200毫秒的算术问题，并在1.5秒后判断所呈现的答案是否正确。结果显示，与加法和减法相比，乘法在左额叶电极处引发了更大的N300，其峰值出现在约320毫秒（在算术问题开始后的275至334毫秒之间）。为了控制任务难度和答案大小的混杂效应，还对“大”加法问题（和在11至17之间）和“小”乘法问题（积在6至24之间）进行了比较。得到了类似的结果（即，在296至444毫秒之间，加法和乘法在N300成分上存在显著差异）。源分析表明，左前脑区域的单个偶极子可能对差异波形（“乘法 - 加法”、“乘法 - 减法”和“‘小’乘法 - ‘大’加法”）的地形图有贡献。这些结果被解释为，与加法和减法事实的检索相比，乘法事实的检索对语音处理的依赖更大。
