Rösch J
J Surg Oncol. 1975;7(2):121-33. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930070207.
Modern radiology makes possible an accurate diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in about 95 percent of cases. Conventional upper gastrointestinal study, isotopic scanning, hypotonic duodenography, and ultrasonography are suitable as screening procedures. Special methods of high accuracy - pancreatic arteriography, endoscopic pancreatography, and transhepatic cholangiography are used as needed for definitive diagnosis.
现代放射学能够在约95%的病例中准确诊断出胰腺癌。传统的上消化道检查、同位素扫描、低张十二指肠造影和超声检查适合作为筛查手段。高精度的特殊方法——胰腺动脉造影、内镜下胰管造影和经肝胆管造影,根据需要用于明确诊断。