Osinski Todd, Malfair David, Steinbach Lynne
Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus, Suite M392, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, USA.
Orthop Clin North Am. 2006 Jul;37(3):299-319, vi. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2006.04.002.
For decades, fluoroscopic arthrography was the only method available to image a joint with contrast enhancement. Advances in CT led to the natural development of CT arthrography. Development of MRI and its capability for multiplanar imaging led to direct magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA). This technique has been performed since 1987 and has surpassed CT arthrography in popularity in the United States. Indirect MRA developed subsequently to offer a less invasive alternative. This article presents an overview of direct MRA and addresses joint-specific issues regarding direct MRA. An overview of indirect MRA also is provided.
几十年来，荧光透视关节造影是唯一可用的通过造影增强对关节进行成像的方法。CT的进展促成了CT关节造影的自然发展。MRI的发展及其多平面成像能力促成了直接磁共振关节造影（MRA）。这项技术自1987年以来就已开展，在美国其普及程度已超过CT关节造影。随后间接MRA得以发展，提供了一种侵入性较小的替代方法。本文概述了直接MRA，并讨论了与直接MRA相关的特定关节问题。还提供了间接MRA的概述。
