Boydell J, van Os J, Caspi A, Kennedy N, Giouroukou E, Fearon P, Farrell M, Murray R M
Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
Psychol Med. 2006 Oct;36(10):1441-6. doi: 10.1017/S0033291706008440. Epub 2006 Jul 20.
There is evidence that cannabis use might be relevant to the aetiology of schizophrenia. We aimed to measure any change in cannabis use over time in those first presenting with schizophrenia in South-East London from 1965 to 1999, and compare this with change in use in those presenting with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders.
The rate of cannabis use in the year prior to first ever presentation was measured over seven time periods. Logistic regression modelling was used to determine (a) whether cannabis use changed over time, after controlling for age, sex and ethnicity, and (b) whether there was an interaction between diagnosis and time.
Cannabis use increased over time in both the schizophrenia group [odds ratio per time period (OR) 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.74-2.38, p<0.0001] and the non-psychotic disorders group (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.05-1.47, p=0.012), after controlling for age, sex and ethnicity. However, the effect of time was significantly greater in the schizophrenia group than in the non-schizophrenia group (chi2=17, p<0.0001).
Cannabis use in the year prior to presentation with schizophrenia increased markedly between 1965 and 1999, and disproportionately so compared to increase in cannabis use in other psychiatric disorders.
有证据表明使用大麻可能与精神分裂症的病因有关。我们旨在衡量1965年至1999年首次在伦敦东南部出现精神分裂症的人群中，大麻使用随时间的任何变化，并将其与患有非精神病性精神障碍的人群的使用变化进行比较。
在七个时间段内测量首次就诊前一年的大麻使用率。使用逻辑回归模型来确定：（a）在控制年龄、性别和种族后，大麻使用是否随时间变化；（b）诊断与时间之间是否存在相互作用。
在控制年龄、性别和种族后，精神分裂症组[每个时间段的优势比（OR）为2.03，95%置信区间（CI）为1.74 - 2.38，p < 0.0001]和非精神病性障碍组（OR为1.24，95% CI为1.05 - 1.47，p = 0.012）的大麻使用均随时间增加。然而，精神分裂症组中时间的影响显著大于非精神分裂症组（卡方值 = 17，p < 0.0001）。
1965年至1999年期间，首次出现精神分裂症前一年的大麻使用显著增加，且与其他精神障碍中大麻使用的增加相比，增加幅度不成比例。
