Moscicki Anna-Barbara, Ellenberg Jonas H, Murphy Debra A, Jiahong Xu
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94118, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2006 Aug;39(2):164-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.11.020.
To investigate whether factors influencing body composition may be unique for male and female adolescents with horizontal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
HIV infected and uninfected youth (aged 13-18 years) participating in the multi-center project REACH (Reaching for Excellence on Adolescent Health Care) had at baseline anthropomorphic measurements including height, weight, bicep, tricep, subscapular and suprailiac skinfold measurements and midarm circumference. Body mass index, muscle mass, fat free body mass, and fat mass were calculated and predictors of these measures were assessed using multiple variable linear regression. Predictors included contraception, HIV status and related variables (CD4 counts, treatment status, and viral load), substance use, androgen levels as well as appetite changes, and bone age.
In multiple variable linear regression analysis, female adolescents' body composition was associated with HIV status, CD4 + T cell counts, and free testosterone levels. HIV status was found associated with higher fat and lean body mass, however lower CD4+T cell counts were associated with lower fat and lean body mass. Higher testosterone levels were associated with higher lean and fat mass. For adolescent males, higher total testosterone levels but not free testosterone levels were associated with lower lean and fat mass.
HIV status was not associated with a lower muscle or fat mass. Different factors influenced body composition for females than males. Higher testosterone levels may be protective against loss in lean and fat mass in females.
研究影响人体成分的因素对于通过水平传播感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的男性和女性青少年是否具有独特性。
参与多中心项目REACH（追求青少年医疗卓越）的HIV感染和未感染青年（13 - 18岁）在基线时进行了人体测量，包括身高、体重、肱二头肌、肱三头肌、肩胛下和髂上皮肤褶测量以及上臂中部周长。计算体重指数、肌肉量、去脂体重和脂肪量，并使用多变量线性回归评估这些指标的预测因素。预测因素包括避孕措施、HIV状态及相关变量（CD4细胞计数、治疗状态和病毒载量）、物质使用、雄激素水平以及食欲变化和骨龄。
在多变量线性回归分析中，女性青少年的人体成分与HIV状态、CD4 + T细胞计数和游离睾酮水平相关。发现HIV状态与较高的脂肪和瘦体重相关，然而较低的CD4 + T细胞计数与较低的脂肪和瘦体重相关。较高的睾酮水平与较高的瘦体重和脂肪量相关。对于青少年男性，较高的总睾酮水平而非游离睾酮水平与较低的瘦体重和脂肪量相关。
HIV状态与较低的肌肉量或脂肪量无关。影响女性人体成分的因素与男性不同。较高的睾酮水平可能对女性瘦体重和脂肪量的减少具有保护作用。
