Dao Tam K, Kerbs John J, Rollin Stephen A, Potts Isabelle, Gutierrez Robert, Choi Kyubeom, Creason Alia H, Wolf Amanda, Prevatt Frances
Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, College of Education, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2006 Aug;39(2):277-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.11.001.
This study examined the association between past experience of victimization (PEV), perceived risk of victimization (PRV), and nonspecific psychological distress (NSPD). Repeated measures-analysis of variance and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted on 186 seventh grade middle school students from an urban university-research-affiliated school. Results indicated that gender, PEV, and PRV significantly predicted NSPD. There were no gender differences in either the total number of past experience of victimization or depressive and/or anxious feelings reported. However, the types of victimization experienced as well as perceived risk of victimization appeared to be gender-related in that boys were significantly higher than girls on past experience of physical aggression and property aggression but significantly lower than girls on past experience of emotional aggression and perceived risk of victimization. In gender-specific analyses, PRV mediated the effects of PEV on NSPD for girls but not boys. The reasons for these findings, as well as implications for social policies and future directions, are discussed.
本研究考察了过去受侵害经历（PEV）、感知到的受侵害风险（PRV）与非特异性心理困扰（NSPD）之间的关联。对一所与大学研究相关的城市中学的186名七年级学生进行了重复测量方差分析和层次回归分析。结果表明，性别、PEV和PRV能显著预测NSPD。在过去受侵害经历的总数或所报告的抑郁和/或焦虑情绪方面，不存在性别差异。然而，所经历的受侵害类型以及感知到的受侵害风险似乎与性别有关，即男孩在身体攻击和财产攻击的过去经历方面显著高于女孩，但在情感攻击的过去经历和感知到的受侵害风险方面显著低于女孩。在特定性别的分析中，PRV介导了PEV对女孩NSPD的影响，但对男孩则不然。本文讨论了这些研究结果的原因以及对社会政策和未来研究方向的启示。
