Zhou Hai-Yan, Wu Yong-Yao, Chen Jian-Hong, Zeng Fen-You, Tian Yun
Biochemistry & Fermentation Lab of Life Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
Yi Chuan. 2006 Aug;28(8):1051-4.
Trans-translation is a mechanism that fixes stalled translation course. tmRNA is the core of trans-translation and it has dual function as a tRNA and a mRNA. tmRNA recognizes the ribosome carrying truncated mRNA with specificity under the help SmpB protein. It can be directed to A site by ribosomal protein S1. At first tmRNA prolongs the genetic message on the stalled mRNA, then termination codon stops peptide synthesis to form a nascent chain with the tag sequence. Finally, tmRNA-SmpB system frees stalled ribosomes and directs degradation of the products of these frustrated protein synthesis reactions. This paper introduces the most recent studies on trans-translation.
反式翻译是一种修复停滞翻译过程的机制。转移信使核糖核酸（tmRNA）是反式翻译的核心，它兼具转运核糖核酸（tRNA）和信使核糖核酸（mRNA）的双重功能。在小蛋白质B（SmpB）蛋白的帮助下，tmRNA特异性识别携带截短mRNA的核糖体。它可被核糖体蛋白S1引导至A位点。起初，tmRNA延长停滞mRNA上的遗传信息，然后终止密码子停止肽合成，形成带有标签序列的新生链。最后，tmRNA-SmpB系统释放停滞的核糖体，并指导这些失败的蛋白质合成反应产物的降解。本文介绍了关于反式翻译的最新研究。
