Li ChunMei, Taneda Shinji, Suzuki Akira K, Furuta Chie, Watanabe Gen, Taya Kazuyoshi
Department of Basic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2006 Nov 15;217(1):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2006.06.010. Epub 2006 Jun 29.
A 4-nitrophenol (PNP) isolated from diesel exhaust particles (DEP) has been identified as a vasodilator. PNP is also a known degradation product of the insecticide parathion. We used uterotrophic and Hershberger assays to study the estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities of PNP in-vivo. In ovariectomized immature female rats injected subcutaneously with 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg PNP daily for 7 days, significant (P<0.05) increases in uterine weight were seen in only those receiving 10 or 100 mg/kg PNP. Furthermore, in castrated immature male rats implanted with a silastic tube (length, 5 mm) containing crystalline testosterone and injected subcutaneously with 0.01, 0.1, or 1 mg/kg PNP daily for 5 days, those receiving the doses of 0.1 mg/kg showed significant (P<0.05) weight decreases in seminal vesicles, ventral prostate, levator ani plus bulbocavernosus muscles, and glans penis. Plasma FSH and LH levels did not change in female rats but were significantly (P<0.05) increased in male rats treated with 0.1 mg/kg PNP. These results clearly demonstrated that PNP has estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities in-vivo. Our results therefore suggest that diesel exhaust emissions and the degradation of parathion can lead to accumulation of PNP in air, water, and soil and thus could have serious deleterious effects on wildlife and human health.
从柴油废气颗粒（DEP）中分离出的4-硝基苯酚（PNP）已被确认为一种血管舒张剂。PNP也是杀虫剂对硫磷的一种已知降解产物。我们使用子宫增重试验和赫什伯格试验来研究PNP在体内的雌激素活性和抗雄激素活性。在卵巢切除的未成熟雌性大鼠中，每天皮下注射1、10或100 mg/kg PNP，持续7天，仅在接受10或100 mg/kg PNP的大鼠中观察到子宫重量显著（P<0.05）增加。此外，在植入含有结晶睾酮的硅橡胶管（长度5 mm）的去势未成熟雄性大鼠中，每天皮下注射0.01、0.1或1 mg/kg PNP，持续5天，接受0.1 mg/kg剂量的大鼠精囊、腹侧前列腺、提肛肌加球海绵体肌和阴茎头的重量显著（P<0.05）下降。雌性大鼠的血浆促卵泡激素（FSH）和促黄体生成素（LH）水平没有变化，但在接受0.1 mg/kg PNP治疗的雄性大鼠中显著（P<0.05）升高。这些结果清楚地表明，PNP在体内具有雌激素活性和抗雄激素活性。因此，我们的结果表明，柴油废气排放和对硫磷的降解会导致PNP在空气、水和土壤中积累，从而可能对野生动物和人类健康产生严重的有害影响。
