Mendez Oscar E, Brenner Richard P
Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
J Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Aug;23(4):282-93. doi: 10.1097/01.wnp.0000228514.40227.12.
The EEG is the most common neurodiagnostic test performed to evaluate patients with suspected seizures. The majority of EEGs are requested in patients because of suspected seizures or for seizure management. It is unlikely that the patient's usual spell will be recorded during a routine EEG. Therefore, several activation techniques have been used in clinical EEG to help increase the occurrence of interictal epileptiform abnormalities, which are highly correlated with the diagnosis of a seizure disorder. EEG laboratories have long employed these techniques, which include hyperventilation, intermittent photic stimulation, sleep, and sleep deprivation. However, despite being utilized in routine clinical EEGs for decades, a number of differing views on the usefulness and indications for these procedures exist. This review will evaluate these procedures and review their history, technique, effectiveness, controversies, and unanswered questions.
脑电图（EEG）是评估疑似癫痫患者时最常用的神经诊断测试。大多数脑电图检查是应患者要求进行的，原因是怀疑患有癫痫或用于癫痫管理。在常规脑电图检查期间，不太可能记录到患者平时的发作症状。因此，临床脑电图检查中已采用多种激活技术，以帮助增加发作间期癫痫样异常的出现频率，这些异常与癫痫症的诊断高度相关。脑电图实验室长期以来一直使用这些技术，包括过度换气、间歇性光刺激、睡眠和睡眠剥夺。然而，尽管这些技术已在常规临床脑电图检查中使用了数十年，但对于这些程序的有用性和适应症仍存在许多不同观点。本综述将评估这些程序，并回顾它们的历史、技术、有效性、争议和未解决的问题。
