Machnicka B, Prokopowicz D, Dziemian E, Kołodziej-Sobocińiska M
Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda str 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland.
Wiad Parazytol. 2001;47(2):217-25.
The practical inability to diagnose Trichinella spiralis antibodies in man before day 20 post infection (dpi) has stimulated interest in the development of immunodiagnostic test to detect circulating antigens. Our previous experience showed that soon after infection immune complexes as well as uncomplexed parasite antigens in sera of infected rats could be detected. To diagnose the presence of antigen in urine, double sandwich-capture ELISA was applied using a peroxidase-conjugated rabbit immunoglobulin to T. spiralis larval antigens. The plates were coated with metabolic (AES) or somatic (AS) larval antigens. Mice were infected with 500 T. spiralis larvae. The urine samples from experimentally infected mice taken from 1 to 41 dpi. and the urine samples from patients of the Clinical Hospital in Białystok taken from 3 to 120 dpi were examined. Before testing, the urine samples were heated for 6 min. at 100 degrees C and centrifuged for 6 min. at 5000 g, supernatants were used in ELISA. The presence of T. spiralis antigens in mice urine samples was detected between 6-26 days post infection (dpi) using double sandwich-capture ELISA. All samples taken later were negative as samples taken from uninfected mice. 3 from 9 human urine samples taken 3-10 dpi were positive, the remaining samples taken 3-10 and 10-30 dpi showed values near to "cut-off". In both mice and human urine samples the higher level of antigens was detected in ELISA when somatic larval antigen was used. The T. spiralis antigens were present in urine of infected men and mice in the first phase of infection.
在感染后第20天之前，实际无法在人体内诊断旋毛虫抗体，这激发了人们对开发检测循环抗原的免疫诊断测试的兴趣。我们之前的经验表明，感染后不久就能在感染大鼠的血清中检测到免疫复合物以及未结合的寄生虫抗原。为了诊断尿液中抗原的存在，使用了过氧化物酶偶联的兔抗旋毛虫幼虫抗原免疫球蛋白进行双夹心捕获ELISA。酶标板用代谢性（AES）或体细胞性（AS）幼虫抗原包被。给小鼠感染500条旋毛虫幼虫。检测了实验感染小鼠在感染后1至41天采集的尿液样本，以及比亚韦斯托克临床医院患者在感染后3至120天采集的尿液样本。在检测前，将尿液样本在100℃加热6分钟，然后以5000g离心6分钟，取上清液用于ELISA。使用双夹心捕获ELISA在感染后6至26天检测到小鼠尿液样本中存在旋毛虫抗原。之后采集的所有样本均为阴性，与未感染小鼠的样本相同。9份在感染后3至10天采集的人类尿液样本中有3份呈阳性，其余在感染后3至10天和10至30天采集的样本的值接近“临界值”。在小鼠和人类尿液样本中，使用体细胞幼虫抗原时，ELISA检测到的抗原水平更高。在感染的第一阶段，感染的男性和小鼠尿液中存在旋毛虫抗原。
