Jones G F, Ward G E
Marshfield Veterinary Service, WI 54449.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990 Feb 15;196(4):597-9.
The accuracy of a scheme for predicting the gram-staining reaction of organisms causing bovine mastitis in cows with systemic signs of disease (anorexia) was evaluated over 1 year. Criteria for making the predictions included: season of year, stage of lactation, appearance of milk, detection and duration of teat injuries, and milk odor. It was possible to determine the cause by microbiologic culture of specimens from 136 of the 147 cows of the study. Of 78 infections caused by gram-negative (mostly coliform) organisms, 62 (79%) were predicted accurately to be caused by gram-negative organisms. Of 57 infections caused by gram-positive organisms, 45 (79%) were predicted correctly to be caused by gram-positive organisms. Correctly predicted as gram-positive organisms causing infection were: Actinomyces pyogenes in 20 of 21 (95%) cows; Staphylococcus sp in 14 of 22 (64%) cows; Streptococcus sp in 10 of 13 (77%) cows and Bacillus sp in 1 cow. Overall accuracy, in those instances when bacteria were isolated (136 cows), was 78%.
在一年的时间里，对一种用于预测患有全身疾病体征（厌食）的奶牛中引起牛乳腺炎的微生物革兰氏染色反应的方案的准确性进行了评估。进行预测的标准包括：年份季节、泌乳阶段、牛奶外观、乳头损伤的检测及持续时间以及牛奶气味。在该研究的147头奶牛中，有136头奶牛通过微生物培养标本确定了病因。在由革兰氏阴性（主要是大肠菌群）微生物引起的78例感染中，有62例（79%）被准确预测为由革兰氏阴性微生物引起。在由革兰氏阳性微生物引起的57例感染中，有45例（79%）被正确预测为由革兰氏阳性微生物引起。被正确预测为引起感染的革兰氏阳性微生物有：21头奶牛中有20头（95%）感染化脓放线菌；22头奶牛中有14头（64%）感染葡萄球菌属；13头奶牛中有10头（77%）感染链球菌属，1头奶牛感染芽孢杆菌属。在分离出细菌的情况下（136头奶牛），总体准确率为78%。
