腘窝区域与膝上动脉相关的一条变异韧带：手术重要性。
An inconstant ligament in the popliteal region associated to the superior genicular arteries: surgical importance.
作者信息
Miguel Maribel, Ortiz Joan Carles, Calzada Joan, Llusà Manel, Lorente Marian, Götzens Victor
机构信息
Unity of Human Anatomy of Embryology, Department of Experimental Pathology and Therapeutic, IDIBELL, Faculty of Medicine (Bellvitge Campus), University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
出版信息
Surg Radiol Anat. 2006 Oct;28(5):457-61. doi: 10.1007/s00276-006-0137-5. Epub 2006 Aug 4.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In the dissection of 60 knees of 30 cadavers (13 women and 17 men), a ligament was located in the posterior femur face above the lateral or medial condyle.
RESULTS
This ligamentous structure was found in 12 (20%) out of 60 knees studied (38% of the women and 35% of the men). It had a vertical arrangement and a constant direct relation to the superior (lateral or medial) genicular artery, and in no case it appeared as a posterior reinforcement of the capsule. The superior vessels were fixed by this ligament.
DISCUSSION
This fixation may provide stability to the vascular tree but it could be a cause of post-surgical hemarthrosis in arthroscopy of the posterior knee area or in posterior or lateral knee approaches or it could be even implicated in vascular injury of the popliteal artery during knee dislocation.
CONCLUSION
The objective was to describe this inconstant ligament and to study its clinical relevance for surgical procedures, and particularly for those using the posterior approach to the knee joint.
材料与方法
在对30具尸体（13名女性和17名男性）的60个膝关节进行解剖时，在股骨外侧或内侧髁上方的股骨后表面发现了一条韧带。
结果
在所研究的60个膝关节中，有12个（20%）发现了这种韧带结构（女性中占38%，男性中占35%）。它呈垂直排列，与膝上（外侧或内侧）动脉有恒定的直接关系，在任何情况下它都不会表现为关节囊的后部加强结构。膝上血管被这条韧带固定。
讨论
这种固定可能为血管树提供稳定性，但它可能是膝关节后部区域关节镜检查或膝关节后部或外侧入路手术中术后关节积血的原因，甚至可能与膝关节脱位时腘动脉的血管损伤有关。
结论
目的是描述这种不恒定的韧带，并研究其在手术操作中的临床相关性，特别是对于那些采用膝关节后入路的手术。
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