Eguchi Takako, Shirao Kuniaki
Dept. of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2006 Jun;33 Suppl 1:121-4.
Chemotherapy for colorectal cancer is now improving rapidly due to new drugs like oxaliplatin and molecular targeting drugs. The key drug, however, is still 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). S-1 is an oral 5-FU anti-tumor drug that combines three pharmacological agents: tegafur, 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine, which inhibits dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity, and potassium oxonate, which reduces gastrointestinal toxicity. The results of the phase II study suggested that S-1 as a single agent was active against metastatic colorectal cancer: CR rate was 36-40% and MST was about one-year. Toxicity was all tolerable. Clinical trials of S-1 with oxaliplatin or CPT-11 combination chemotherapy are ongoing in Japan. S-1 with molecular targeting drugs will also be studied. Therefore, S-1 is expected to play an important part in chemotherapy for colorectal cancer.
由于奥沙利铂等新药和分子靶向药物的出现，目前结直肠癌的化疗正在迅速改善。然而，关键药物仍然是5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）。S-1是一种口服5-FU抗肿瘤药物，它结合了三种药理剂：替加氟、抑制二氢嘧啶脱氢酶活性的5-氯-2,4-二羟基吡啶以及降低胃肠道毒性的奥索拉明钾。II期研究结果表明，S-1作为单一药物对转移性结直肠癌有效：完全缓解率为36-40%，中位生存期约为一年。毒性均可耐受。S-1与奥沙利铂或CPT-11联合化疗的临床试验正在日本进行。S-1与分子靶向药物的研究也将开展。因此，S-1有望在结直肠癌化疗中发挥重要作用。
