Benko Ria, Matuz Mária, Doró Péter, Hajdú Edit, Nagy Gábor, Nagy Erzsébet, Soós Gyöngyvér
Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Szent-Györgyi Albert Orvos- es Gyógyszerésztudományi Centrum, Gyógyszerésztudományi Kar, Klinikai Gyógyszerészeti Intézet, Szeged. (vezet6: So6s Gy6ngyv6r dr.)'
Orv Hetil. 2006 Jul 2;147(26):1215-22.
To describe the qualitative and quantitative changes of antibiotic consumption in Hungarian hospitals and in the primary care setting between 1996 and 2003.
Sales data relating to community and hospital care antibiotic consumption were obtained for the 8 years period of 1996-2003. The 2003 version of the world health organisation (WHO) anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC)/ defined daily dose (DDD) system was used for calculations and the 2005 version for classifications. The final expression units were DDD/100 bed-days and DDD/1000 inhabitants/day for hospital and community care utilization, respectively. Trend analysis was applied to assess the annual changes in antimicrobial consumption.
The total antibiotic consumption in the community setting and in the hospitals remained relatively stable during the study period. The average antibiotic consumption in the community setting (20.20 +/- 1.42 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day was in line with the European average, while the national average hospital antibiotic consumption (24.81 +/- 1.69 DDD/ 100 bed-days) was very low in international benchmark. Changes in the pattern of antibiotic consumption was observed in both settings. Internationally outstanding consumption of penicillins plus beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations (J01CR) and sulphonamides and extremely low utilisation of beta lactamase resistant penicillins (J01CF) were detected. The hospital antibiotic consumption was characterized by extended use of sulphonamides, tetracyclines, and second generation cephalosporins.
The low hospital consumption of antibiotics and the internationally extreme usage of certain antibiotic groups needs further pharmacoepidemiologic analysis.
描述1996年至2003年间匈牙利医院及基层医疗中抗生素使用的定性和定量变化。
获取了1996 - 2003年这8年期间社区和医院护理抗生素使用的销售数据。计算采用世界卫生组织（WHO）2003年版解剖治疗化学（ATC）/限定日剂量（DDD）系统，分类采用2005年版。医院和社区护理使用的最终表达单位分别为DDD/100床日和DDD/1000居民/日。应用趋势分析评估抗菌药物使用的年度变化。
在研究期间，社区和医院的抗生素总使用量保持相对稳定。社区环境中的平均抗生素使用量（20.20±1.42 DDD/1000居民/日）与欧洲平均水平一致，而全国医院抗生素平均使用量（24.81±1.69 DDD/100床日）在国际基准中非常低。在这两种环境中均观察到抗生素使用模式的变化。检测到青霉素加β-内酰胺酶抑制剂组合（J01CR）在国际上的突出使用以及磺胺类药物的使用，而对β-内酰胺酶耐药青霉素（J01CF）的使用极低。医院抗生素使用的特点是磺胺类药物、四环素类药物和第二代头孢菌素的使用增加。
医院抗生素使用量低以及某些抗生素组在国际上的极端使用情况需要进一步进行药物流行病学分析。
