Ridner S Lee, Frost Karen, Lajoie A Scott
School of Nursing, University of Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2006 Aug;18(8):374-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2006.00142.x.
To describe differences in alcohol use, marijuana use, and smoking behaviors between lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) and heterosexual college students, and determine whether there was a difference in the health information each group received.
A random sample of 3000 college students aged 18-24 years who were currently enrolled at a southeastern metropolitan university on a full-time basis were invited to participate. The final sample (n = 772) consisted of heterosexuals (n = 731) and LGB (n = 41) college students. Gay and bisexual men (n = 20) and lesbian and bisexual women (n = 21) were compared to heterosexual college students.
Lesbian/bisexual women were 4.9 times more likely to smoke, 10.7 times more likely to drink, and 4.9 times more likely to use marijuana than heterosexual women. Gay/bisexual men did not significantly differ from heterosexual men. There was no difference in the health information on alcohol and drug prevention the groups received. Gay/bisexual men were less likely (p = .02) compared to heterosexual men to have received tobacco prevention information.
Advanced practice nurses must ensure that every patient receives preventive services and anticipatory guidance at every visit. LGB clients in particular need health assessments and interventions appropriate to their individual risk profiles.
描述女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋（LGB）大学生与异性恋大学生在饮酒、使用大麻和吸烟行为上的差异，并确定每组所获得的健康信息是否存在差异。
邀请了3000名年龄在18 - 24岁、目前在东南部一所大都市大学全日制就读的大学生作为随机样本参与研究。最终样本（n = 772）包括异性恋大学生（n = 731）和LGB大学生（n = 41）。将男同性恋和双性恋男性（n = 20）以及女同性恋和双性恋女性（n = 21）与异性恋大学生进行比较。
女同性恋/双性恋女性吸烟的可能性是异性恋女性的4.9倍，饮酒的可能性是异性恋女性的10.7倍，使用大麻的可能性是异性恋女性的4.9倍。男同性恋/双性恋男性与异性恋男性没有显著差异。两组在酒精和药物预防方面所获得的健康信息没有差异。与异性恋男性相比，男同性恋/双性恋男性获得烟草预防信息的可能性较小（p = .02）。
高级执业护士必须确保每位患者每次就诊时都能获得预防服务和预期指导。尤其是LGB患者需要适合其个人风险状况的健康评估和干预措施。
