Wiegmann Douglas, McCarley Jason S, Kramer Arthur F, Wickens Christopher D
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2006 Aug;77(8):825-31.
An experiment examined the impact of automation on young and old adults' abilities to detect threat objects in a simulated baggage-screening task.
Younger and older adult participants viewed X-ray images of cluttered baggage, 20% of which contained a hidden knife. Some participants were provided an automated aid with a hit rate of 0.90 and a false alarm rate of 0.25. The aid provided assistance to participants in one of three forms: a text message that appeared before the stimulus image; a text message that appeared following the stimulus image; or a spatial cue concurrent with the stimulus image. Control participants performed the task with no assistance from an aid.
Spatial cuing improved performance for both age groups. Text cuing improved young adults' performance, but had no benefit for older participants. Effects were similar whether the text cue preceded or followed the search stimulus itself.
Results indicate that spatial cuing rather than text alerts may be more effective in aiding performance during a baggage screening task and such benefits are likely to occur regardless of operator age.
一项实验研究了自动化对年轻人和老年人在模拟行李安检任务中检测威胁物品能力的影响。
年轻和年长的成年参与者观看杂乱行李的X光图像，其中20%藏有一把刀。一些参与者获得了自动化辅助工具，其命中率为0.90，误报率为0.25。该辅助工具以三种形式之一为参与者提供帮助：刺激图像出现之前出现的文本消息；刺激图像出现之后出现的文本消息；或与刺激图像同时出现的空间线索。对照组参与者在没有辅助工具帮助的情况下执行任务。
空间线索提示提高了两个年龄组的表现。文本线索提示提高了年轻人的表现，但对年长参与者没有帮助。无论文本线索在搜索刺激之前还是之后出现，效果都相似。
结果表明，在行李安检任务中，空间线索提示而非文本警报可能在帮助提高表现方面更有效，并且无论操作员年龄如何，都可能出现此类益处。
