Sobotová L, Jurkovicova J, Stefanikova Z, Sevcikova L, Aghova L
Institute of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Bratisl Lek Listy. 2006;107(5):214-6.
In urban areas community noise is one of the important factors in producing deterioration of both well-being and the quality of life. The aim of the study was to compare two noise annoyance surveys and two noise annoyance scales in the period of 15 years in selected areas of Slovak capital Bratislava, to calculate risks of community noise annoyance and disturbance in the observed samples. Noise annoyance risks were calculated by bivariate and stratified analysis in the form of odds ratio and Mantel-Haenszel weighted odds ratio from 2x2 and 2xn tables. The use of validated five-grade scale of noise annoyance assessment gives higher possibilities for more detailed analysis, allows to calculate the indicator--percentage of highly annoyed subjects (% HA), the rate of highly annoyed individuals. The percentage of highly annoyed subjects was 18% in the year 2004, which is comparable with recently published studies. The percentage of respondents that were not at all annoyed by road traffic noise has been decreased during the 15 year period by 10% (42% vs 32%). The increase of subjective community noise annoyance risks has been observed after 15 years as well. The sample from the year 2004 has been more annoyed by road traffic noise, neighbourhood noise, noise from entertainment facilities, noise from industry and railway noise. The highest risk increase has been observed in the entertainment facilities noise annoyance (OR(MH) =1.51; 95% CI = 0.90-2.52 vs OR(MH) = 4.47; 95% CI = 2.75-7.33). Using of standard five-grade noise annoyance questionnaire gives higher possibilities for data analysis in the studies investigating the influence of environmental noise annoyance on selected population groups (Tab. 3, Ref. 7).
在城市地区，社区噪音是导致幸福感和生活质量下降的重要因素之一。本研究的目的是比较15年间斯洛伐克首都布拉迪斯拉发选定区域的两项噪音烦恼调查和两种噪音烦恼量表，计算观察样本中社区噪音烦恼和干扰的风险。通过双变量和分层分析，以比值比和Mantel-Haenszel加权比值比的形式，从2x2和2xn表格中计算噪音烦恼风险。使用经过验证的五级噪音烦恼评估量表，为更详细的分析提供了更高的可能性，能够计算指标——高度烦恼受试者的百分比（%HA），即高度烦恼个体的比例。2004年高度烦恼受试者的百分比为18%，这与最近发表的研究结果相当。在这15年期间，对道路交通噪音完全不感到烦恼的受访者比例下降了10%（从42%降至32%）。15年后，主观社区噪音烦恼风险也有所增加。2004年的样本对道路交通噪音、邻里噪音、娱乐设施噪音、工业噪音和铁路噪音更为烦恼。在娱乐设施噪音烦恼方面观察到的风险增加最高（OR(MH)=1.51；95%CI=0.90-2.52，而OR(MH)=4.47；95%CI=2.75-7.33）。在研究环境噪音烦恼对特定人群组的影响时，使用标准的五级噪音烦恼问卷为数据分析提供了更高的可能性（表3，参考文献7）。
