Kumamoto Yoshiaki, Tsukamoto Taiji, Matsukawa Masanori, Kunishima Yasuharu, Hirose Takaoki, Shigeta Shiro, Yamaguti Osamu, Ishibashi Kei, Suzutani Tatsuo, Yoshida Hiroshi, Imafuku Yuuji, Murai Masaru, Watanabe Kiyoaki, Kobayashi Yoshio, Uchida Hiroshi, Matsuda Seiji, Sato Shinichi, Fujime Makoto, Fujita Kazuhiko, Igari Jun, Oguri Toyoko, Yamaguchi Keizo, Furuya Nobuhiko, Deguchi Takashi, Ishihara Satoshi, Ooe Hiroshi, Oka Toshitsugu, Kitamura Masaya, Fukuhara Yoshifumi, Kamidono Sadao, Arakawa Soichi, Kumon Hiromi, Monden Koichi, Matsumoto Tetsuro, Muratani Tetsuro, Naito Seiji, Egashira Toshihisa, Konishi Takatoshi, Kohno Shigeru, Hirakata Yoichi, Kondo Akira, Matsuda Junichi, Nakano Michiko
Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Jpn J Antibiot. 2006 Jun;59(3):177-200.
The bacterial strains isolated from 490 patients diagnosed as having urinary tract infections (UTIs) in 14 institutions in Japan were collected between August 2004 and July 2005. The susceptibilities of them to many kinds of antimicrobial agents were measured. Of them, 577 strains were estimated as causative bacteria and used for the measurement. The strains consisted of 156 gram-positive bacterial strains (27.0%) and 421 gram-negative bacterial strains (73.0%). Against Staphylococcus aureus, arbekacin (ABK), vancomycin (VCM) showed the strongest activity and prevented the growth of all strains with 2 microg/mL. Against Enterococcus faecalis, ampicillin (ABPC) and VCM showed a strong antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity of cephems to Escherichia coli was generally good, and especially cefozopran (CZOP) and cefpirome (CPR) showed the strongest activity (MIC90: < or = 125 microg/mL). Quinolone resistant E. coli [MIC of ciprofloxacin (CPFX): > or = 4 microg/mL] was detected at frequency of 18.8%, which was higher than that in the last year. Against Klebsiella pneumoniae, CZOP, meropenem (MEPM), and carumonam (CRMN) showed the strongest activity and prevented the growth of all strains with 0.125 microg/mL or less. The antibacterial activity of the other cephems was relatively good, and decrease in their activity observed in the last year study was not recognized. Against Serratia marcescens, imipenem (IPM) and gentamicin (GM) had the strongest antibacterial activity. Against Proteus mirabilis, CRMN showed the strongest activity and prevented the growth of all strains with 0.125 microg/mL or less. MEPM prevented the growth of all strains with 0.25 microg/mL. Next, cefmenoxime (CMX), ceftazidime (CAZ), CZOP, cefixime (CFIX), cefpodoxime (CPDX), and cefditoren (CDTR) showed a strong activity. The antibacterial activity of the drugs to Pseudomonas aeruginosa was generally low, and MIC90 of all the drugs was ranged from 32 to > 128 microg/mL except IPM and MEPM having 16 microg/mL. The antibacterial activities of CZOP and CAZ were considered to be relatively good on MIC50 comparison (MIC50: 2 microg/mL).
2004年8月至2005年7月期间，收集了日本14家机构中490名被诊断患有尿路感染（UTIs）患者分离出的细菌菌株。测定了这些菌株对多种抗菌药物的敏感性。其中，577株被估计为致病菌并用于测定。这些菌株包括156株革兰氏阳性菌（27.0%）和421株革兰氏阴性菌（73.0%）。对于金黄色葡萄球菌，阿贝卡星（ABK）、万古霉素（VCM）显示出最强的活性，2μg/mL即可抑制所有菌株生长。对于粪肠球菌，氨苄西林（ABPC）和VCM显示出较强的抗菌活性。头孢菌素对大肠杆菌的抗菌活性总体良好，尤其是头孢唑肟（CZOP）和头孢匹罗（CPR）显示出最强的活性（MIC90：≤125μg/mL）。喹诺酮耐药大肠杆菌[环丙沙星（CPFX）的MIC：≥4μg/mL]的检出率为18.8%，高于去年。对于肺炎克雷伯菌，CZOP、美罗培南（MEPM）和卡芦莫南（CRMN）显示出最强的活性，0.125μg/mL或更低浓度即可抑制所有菌株生长。其他头孢菌素的抗菌活性相对较好，未观察到去年研究中其活性的下降。对于粘质沙雷氏菌，亚胺培南（IPM）和庆大霉素（GM）具有最强的抗菌活性。对于奇异变形杆菌，CRMN显示出最强的活性，0.125μg/mL或更低浓度即可抑制所有菌株生长。MEPM 0.25μg/mL可抑制所有菌株生长。其次，头孢甲肟（CMX）、头孢他啶（CAZ）、CZOP、头孢克肟（CFIX）、头孢泊肟酯（CPDX）和头孢妥仑（CDTR）显示出较强的活性。这些药物对铜绿假单胞菌的抗菌活性总体较低，除IPM和MEPM的MIC90为16μg/mL外，所有药物的MIC90范围为32至＞128μg/mL。在MIC50比较中（MIC50：2μg/mL），认为CZOP和CAZ的抗菌活性相对较好。
