Duyck Pierre-François, David Patrice, Junod Guillemette, Brunel Caroline, Dupont Raphaël, Quilici Serge
UMR 53 Peuplements Végétaux et Bio-agresseurs en Milieu Tropical CIRAD Pôle de Protection des Plantes (3P), 7 chemin de l'IRAT, 97410 St Pierre, La Réunion, France.
Ecology. 2006 Jul;87(7):1770-80. doi: 10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[1770:iocmis]2.0.co;2.
Understanding the strength and modes of interspecific interactions between introduced and resident species (native or previously introduced) is necessary to predict invasion success. We evaluated different mechanisms of interspecific competition among four species of polyphagous fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) from the island of La Reunion: one endemic species, Ceratitis catoirii, and three exotic species, C. capitata, C. rosa, and Bactrocera zonata, that have successively invaded the island. Larval competition experiments, i.e., co-infestations of the same fruit, and behavioral interference experiments measuring the ability of one female to displace another from a fruit, were performed among all pairs of the four species. We observed asymmetric and hierarchical interactions among species in both larval and adult interference competition. In agreement with the hypothesis that invasion is competition-limited, the competitive hierarchy coincided with the temporal sequence of establishment on the island, i.e., each newly established species tended to be competitively dominant over previously established ones.
了解外来物种与本地物种（本土或先前已引入的）之间种间相互作用的强度和模式对于预测入侵成功至关重要。我们评估了留尼汪岛上四种多食性果蝇（双翅目：实蝇科）之间种间竞争的不同机制：一种特有物种，卡氏果实蝇，以及三种外来物种，地中海实蝇、蔷薇果实蝇和纳塔尔果实蝇，它们先后入侵了该岛。在这四个物种的所有配对之间进行了幼虫竞争实验，即同一果实的共同侵染，以及测量一只雌蝇将另一只雌蝇从果实上赶走能力的行为干扰实验。我们在幼虫和成虫干扰竞争中都观察到了物种间不对称和等级性的相互作用。与入侵受竞争限制这一假设一致，竞争等级与在该岛建立种群的时间顺序相符，即每个新建立种群的物种往往在竞争中占优于先前建立种群的物种。
