神经性厌食症的核心症状、气质和短期预期结果存在性别差异吗？
Are there gender differences in core symptoms, temperament, and short-term prospective outcome in anorexia nervosa?
作者信息
Strober Michael, Freeman Roberta, Lampert Carlyn, Diamond Jane, Teplinsky Cheryl, DeAntonio Mark
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024-1759, USA.
出版信息
Int J Eat Disord. 2006 Nov;39(7):570-5. doi: 10.1002/eat.20293.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to compare symptoms, premorbid personality phenotypes, and short-term outcome between males and females with anorexia nervosa.
METHOD
Symptom and personality ratings were obtained at the time of hospital admission, and outcome was assessed at discharge and again 1 year later.
RESULTS
Gender effects were negligible at admission, with the exception of greater weight concern among females. Lifetime anxiety disorders and personality traits implicated in liability for anorexia nervosa were common among patients of both genders. Females had greater persistence of symptom morbidity over the 1-year follow-up.
CONCLUSION
Although gender has little effect on the clinical features of anorexia nervosa, the illness runs a more protracted early course in females. Possible mechanisms underlying greater persistence of morbidity in females include sexual dimorphisms in brain neurotransmission, gender differences in attitudes regarding ideal body weight, and anxiety-related personality phenotypes associated with anorexia nervosa.
目的
本研究的目的是比较神经性厌食症男性和女性之间的症状、病前人格表型及短期预后。
方法
在入院时获取症状和人格评分，并在出院时及1年后再次评估预后。
结果
入院时性别差异可忽略不计，不过女性对体重更为关注。终生焦虑症及与神经性厌食症易感性相关的人格特质在男女患者中均很常见。在1年的随访期内，女性的症状发病率持续时间更长。
结论
虽然性别对神经性厌食症的临床特征影响不大，但该疾病在女性中的早期病程更为迁延。女性发病率持续时间更长的潜在机制可能包括脑内神经传递的性别差异、对理想体重态度的性别差异以及与神经性厌食症相关的焦虑型人格表型。
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