Li Wen-Xia, Ning Hai-Long, Li Wen-Bin, Lü Wen-He
Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 2006 Aug;33(8):746-56. doi: 10.1016/S0379-4172(06)60107-8.
Seed size is one of the important factors of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield. There have been lots of reports about genetic effects and physiology--ecological researches on seed size, but the genetic behaviors of genes during seeds development were rarely discussed. Analysis of main genetic effects for fresh seed size (FSS) and dry seed size (DSS) of soybean was conducted with diallel cross data by using a seed genetic model. Analyses of unconditional and conditional variances and correlations were used to evaluate the developmental behavior of soybean. The phenotypic means of FSS and DSS in soybean at eight stages among three generations reached the highest value at 9/6 and 9/13, respectively. The means of FSS decreased dramatically after 9/6, but the means of DSS maintained relatively stable tendency at corresponding periods. The unconditional variance analysis showed that FSS and DSS were controlled by embryo, cytoplasmic and maternal effects in the whole growth period. Genetic effects due to cytoplasmic and maternal effects were relatively important for FSS and DSS at most of the growth periods. Conditional variance analysis showed that genes from different genetic system expressed discontinuously in the whole growth period. The net genetic effects due to cytoplasmic and maternal plant on FSS and DSS were larger than those of embryo effects at most of the growth periods. Different genetic system can affect the relationship of various stages to mature solely or simultaneously. Embryo additive effects at 8/16, embryo dominance effects at 8/9 and 8/16, maternal plant dominance effects at 8/2 and 8/16 could ultimately affect the performance of FSS at maturing stage. Embryo additive effects at 8/2 and 9/13, cytoplasm effects at 8/9, maternal plant dominance effects at 8/2 could ultimately affect the performance of DSS.
种子大小是大豆[Glycine max (L.) Merrill]产量的重要因素之一。关于种子大小的遗传效应和生理生态研究已有很多报道，但很少讨论种子发育过程中基因的遗传行为。利用种子遗传模型，通过双列杂交数据对大豆鲜种子大小（FSS）和干种子大小（DSS）的主要遗传效应进行了分析。采用无条件和条件方差及相关性分析来评估大豆的发育行为。三代中八个阶段大豆FSS和DSS的表型均值分别在9/6和9/13达到最高值。9/6之后FSS均值急剧下降，但DSS均值在相应时期保持相对稳定的趋势。无条件方差分析表明，FSS和DSS在整个生长周期受胚、细胞质和母体效应控制。在大多数生长时期，细胞质和母体效应引起的遗传效应对于FSS和DSS相对重要。条件方差分析表明，来自不同遗传系统的基因在整个生长周期中不连续表达。在大多数生长时期，细胞质和母体植株对FSS和DSS的净遗传效应大于胚效应。不同遗传系统可单独或同时影响各阶段与成熟的关系。8/16时的胚加性效应、8/9和8/16时的胚显性效应、8/2和8/16时的母体植株显性效应最终会影响成熟阶段FSS的表现。8/2和9/13时的胚加性效应、8/9时的细胞质效应、8/2时的母体植株显性效应最终会影响DSS的表现。
