Hjalmers Karin, Söderfeldt Björn, Axtelius Björn
Department of Oral Public Health, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
Acta Odontol Scand. 2006 Oct;64(5):255-61. doi: 10.1080/00016350600633441.
Female unpromoted general practice dentists (GPDs) constitute about one-quarter of all dentists in Sweden. These female dentists suffer from many problems relating to their psychosocial working conditions. There are wide discrepancies between their perception of the ideal job situation and reality. Previously, three factors were found to constitute the ideal job situation. The aim of this study was to analyze patterns in two of these factors, i.e. the moral and the career factors, for understanding how ideal circumstances are conceived, i.e. how "good work" for the dentists could be obtained.
In the year 2000, all female unpromoted GPDs (183 persons) within the Public Dental Health Service (PDHS) in a region in Sweden received a questionnaire; response rate 94%. Four multiple regression models were constructed for two factors of good work and for the differences between the ideal job situation and reality concerning these factors.
In all models, the explained variance was high. Those dentists who were committed to moral issues perceived large differences between the ideal and reality concerning moral values. Dentists committed to career issues experienced large differences between the ideal and reality concerning career development. Those dentists - about 60% - who would not want to be a dentist if they were to choose today, perceived large discrepancies concerning moral and career issues.
The PDHS organization has failed to convince or engage those whom it ought to engage, that is those with the highest level of commitment. Dentists' emphasis on moral values confirms the character of dentistry as primarily a human service work.
在瑞典，未获晋升的女性全科牙医（GPDs）约占所有牙医的四分之一。这些女牙医在心理社会工作条件方面存在诸多问题。她们对理想工作状况的认知与现实之间存在巨大差异。此前发现有三个因素构成理想工作状况。本研究的目的是分析其中两个因素，即道德因素和职业因素的模式，以了解理想状况是如何被构想的，即如何能为牙医获得“好工作”。
2000年，瑞典一个地区公共牙科保健服务机构（PDHS）内所有未获晋升的女性GPDs（183人）收到一份问卷；回复率为94%。针对好工作的两个因素以及理想工作状况与这些因素相关现实之间的差异构建了四个多元回归模型。
在所有模型中，解释方差都很高。那些致力于道德问题的牙医认为在道德价值观方面理想与现实存在很大差异。致力于职业问题的牙医在职业发展方面理想与现实存在很大差异。那些牙医——约60%——如果今天重新选择，就不想当牙医了，她们认为在道德和职业问题上存在很大差异。
PDHS组织未能说服或吸引那些它应该吸引的人，即那些投入程度最高的人。牙医对道德价值观的强调证实了牙科工作主要是一项人性化服务工作的性质。
