Cariboni A, Maggi R
Laboratory of Developmental Neuroendocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Centre of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Disease (CEND), University of Milan, Via G. Balzaretti, 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2006 Nov;63(21):2512-26. doi: 10.1007/s00018-005-5604-3.
Infertility and inability to smell are the phenotypical features of Kallmann's syndrome (KS), a genetic disease which affects 1 in 10,000 males and 1 in 50,000 females, the majority of the cases being sporadic. The molecular pathogenesis of KS is complex but mainly referable to the impairment of olfactory axon development and of the migration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. Only two different genes have been identified so far as responsible for the disease: KAL1 and KAL2, encoding anosmin-1 and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), respectively. In this review we focus our attention on insights evoked by recent studies, which propose a new direct role for anosmin-1 in the migration GnRH neurons, and a fascinating hypothesis of interactions between anosmin-1 and FGFR1 systems.
不育和嗅觉丧失是卡尔曼综合征(KS)的表型特征,这是一种遗传性疾病,每10000名男性中有1人患病,每50000名女性中有1人患病,大多数病例为散发性。KS的分子发病机制很复杂,但主要与嗅觉轴突发育受损以及促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)神经元迁移受损有关。迄今为止,仅确定了两个导致该疾病的不同基因:KAL1和KAL2,它们分别编码嗅觉缺失蛋白-1和成纤维细胞生长因子受体1(FGFR1)。在这篇综述中,我们将注意力集中在近期研究所引发的见解上,这些研究提出了嗅觉缺失蛋白-1在GnRH神经元迁移中的新直接作用,以及嗅觉缺失蛋白-1与FGFR1系统之间相互作用的一个引人入胜的假说。