Seyle D Conor, Newman Matthew L
Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712-0187, USA.
Am Psychol. 2006 Sep;61(6):571-80. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.61.6.571.
Recently it has become commonplace in America for commentators and the public to use the terms "red" and "blue" to refer to perceived cultural differences in America and American politics. Although a political divide may exist in America today, these particular terms are inaccurate and reductive. This article presents research from social psychology demonstrating that the increased use of these terms is likely to increase the conflict between political groups in America by making political conflict salient in nonpolitical contexts, reducing the ability of Americans to form multifaceted complex identities, pushing Americans to misperceive political in-groups and out-groups, and contributing to a "spiral of silence." An alternative model for discussing cultural differences is proposed.
最近在美国，评论员和公众使用“红色”和“蓝色”这两个词来指代美国文化差异和美国政治中人们所感知到的差异，这已变得司空见惯。尽管如今美国可能存在政治分歧，但这些特定的词汇并不准确且过于简化。本文展示了社会心理学的研究成果，表明频繁使用这些词汇可能会加剧美国政治团体之间的冲突，因为这会在非政治背景下凸显政治冲突，降低美国人形成多面复杂身份认同的能力，促使美国人错误地认知政治内群体和外群体，并导致“沉默螺旋”现象。本文还提出了一个讨论文化差异的替代模型。
