Walsh Matthew R, Munch Stephan B, Chiba Susumu, Conover David O
Ecol Lett. 2006 Feb;9(2):142-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00858.x.
Some overharvested fish populations fail to recover even after considerable reductions in fishing pressure. The reasons are unclear but may involve genetic changes in life history traits that are detrimental to population growth when natural environmental factors prevail. We empirically modelled this process by subjecting populations of a harvested marine fish, the Atlantic silverside, to experimental size-biased fishing regimes over five generations and then measured correlated responses across multiple traits. Populations where large fish were selectively harvested (as in most fisheries) displayed substantial declines in fecundity, egg volume, larval size at hatch, larval viability, larval growth rates, food consumption rate and conversion efficiency, vertebral number, and willingness to forage. These genetically based changes in numerous traits generally reduce the capacity for population recovery.
一些过度捕捞的鱼类种群即使在捕捞压力大幅降低后仍无法恢复。原因尚不清楚，但可能涉及生活史特征的遗传变化，当自然环境因素占主导时，这些变化对种群增长不利。我们通过对一种被捕捞的海洋鱼类——大西洋银汉鱼的种群进行五代实验性大小偏向捕捞，对这一过程进行了实证建模，然后测量了多个性状的相关反应。在那些选择性捕捞大鱼的种群（如大多数渔业）中，繁殖力、卵体积、孵化时的幼体大小、幼体活力、幼体生长率、食物消耗率和转化效率、脊椎骨数量以及觅食意愿都大幅下降。这些基于遗传的众多性状变化通常会降低种群恢复的能力。
