Lambo A L, Ormond R F G
University Marine Biological Station Millport, University of London, Isle of Cumbrae, Scotland KA28 0EG, United Kingdom.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2006 Dec;52(12):1617-24. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.05.028. Epub 2006 Jun 12.
During the global coral bleaching event of 1997/1998 Kenyan reefs experienced between 50% and 90% coral mortality, with coral cover at Malindi being reduced from 35-45% (pre-bleaching) to 10-20%. Even before this event there was concern that these reefs were being impacted by increased sediment loads from the nearby Sabaki River. Here we report that since 1998 coral cover has declined yet further with, in 2004, means of 5.1% being recorded at North Reef (within the non-fished Malindi Marine National Park) and 2.3% on Leopard Reef (within the fished Marine Reserve). Prior to bleaching 55 coral genera were recorded from the area, currently we find only 23. Meanwhile algal cover, especially the calcareous green alga Halimeda, has increased, and on Leopard Reef is twice that on North Reef. Taken with the evidence of previous studies, these data suggest a combined impact of coral bleaching with sedimentation and fishing.
在1997/1998年的全球珊瑚白化事件中，肯尼亚珊瑚礁的珊瑚死亡率达50%至90%，马林迪的珊瑚覆盖率从35%-45%（白化前）降至10%-20%。甚至在该事件发生之前，人们就担心这些珊瑚礁受到来自附近萨巴基河不断增加的沉积物负荷的影响。在此我们报告，自1998年以来珊瑚覆盖率进一步下降，2004年，北礁（在未捕捞的马林迪海洋国家公园内）的珊瑚覆盖率平均为5.1%，豹礁（在捕捞的海洋保护区内）为2.3%。在白化之前，该地区记录有55个珊瑚属，目前仅发现23个。与此同时，藻类覆盖率，尤其是钙质绿藻仙掌藻有所增加，在豹礁的覆盖率是北礁的两倍。结合以往研究的证据，这些数据表明珊瑚白化与沉积物和捕捞共同造成了影响。
