Uc Ergun Y, Rizzo Matthew, Anderson Steven W, Sparks JonDavid, Rodnitzky Robert L, Dawson Jeffrey D
Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive-2RCP, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Ann Neurol. 2006 Oct;60(4):407-13. doi: 10.1002/ana.20958.
To assess the ability for visual search and recognition of roadside targets and safety errors during a landmark and traffic sign identification task in drivers with Parkinson's disease (PD).
Seventy-nine drivers with PD and 151 neurologically normal older adults underwent a battery of visual, cognitive, and motor tests. The drivers were asked to report sightings of specific landmarks and traffic signs along a four-lane commercial strip during an experimental drive in an instrumented vehicle.
The drivers with PD identified significantly fewer landmarks and traffic signs, and they committed more at-fault safety errors during the task than control subjects, even after adjusting for baseline errors. Within the PD group, the most important predictors of landmark and traffic sign identification rate were performances on Useful Field of View (visual speed of processing and attention) and Complex Figure Test-Copy (visuospatial abilities). Trail Making Test (B-A), a measure of cognitive flexibility independent of motor function, was the only independent predictor of at-fault safety errors in drivers with PD.
The cognitive and visual deficits associated with PD resulted in impaired visual search while driving, and the increased cognitive load during this task worsened their driving safety.
评估帕金森病（PD）患者在标志性建筑和交通标志识别任务中对路边目标的视觉搜索和识别能力以及安全失误情况。
79名PD患者和151名神经功能正常的老年人接受了一系列视觉、认知和运动测试。在乘坐一辆装有仪器的车辆进行的实验性驾驶过程中，要求驾驶员报告在一条四车道商业街上看到的特定标志性建筑和交通标志。
即使在对基线失误进行调整之后，PD患者识别出的标志性建筑和交通标志数量仍显著少于对照组，并且在任务过程中出现的有过错安全失误更多。在PD组中，标志性建筑和交通标志识别率的最重要预测因素是有用视野（视觉处理速度和注意力）和复杂图形测试-临摹（视觉空间能力）的表现。连线测验（B-A），一种独立于运动功能的认知灵活性测量方法，是PD患者有过错安全失误的唯一独立预测因素。
与PD相关的认知和视觉缺陷导致驾驶时视觉搜索受损，并且在此任务过程中增加的认知负荷使他们的驾驶安全性恶化。
