Person Cheryl, Tracy Melissa, Galea Sandro
Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2006 Sep;194(9):659-66. doi: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000235758.24586.b7.
Environmental stressors such as mass disasters may contribute to an increased prevalence of depression within the population affected. We examined the prevalence of probable major depression and risk factors for depression in the 6-month period after the September 11, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center among New York City (NYC) metropolitan residents. A total of 2700 persons who were representative of the NYC metropolitan area were included in this cross-sectional telephone survey. The prevalence of probable major depression in the 6 months after the attacks was 9.4%. Multivariate logistic regression covariates associated with the likelihood of probable major depression included being directly affected by the attacks, having a perievent panic attack, experiencing multiple life stressors, and having been exposed to previous traumatic events. Mass traumatic event exposure appears to be an independent environmental risk factor for depression in the postdisaster context; specific reactions such as perievent panic attacks may have prognostic value.
诸如大规模灾难等环境压力源可能会导致受影响人群中抑郁症患病率上升。我们调查了2001年9月11日纽约市（NYC）大都市地区居民遭受世贸中心袭击事件后6个月内可能的重度抑郁症患病率及抑郁症风险因素。这项横断面电话调查共纳入了2700名代表纽约市大都市地区的人员。袭击事件发生后6个月内可能的重度抑郁症患病率为9.4%。与可能的重度抑郁症可能性相关的多变量逻辑回归协变量包括直接受到袭击影响、事件发生时出现惊恐发作、经历多种生活压力源以及曾遭受过先前的创伤事件。在灾后环境中，暴露于大规模创伤事件似乎是抑郁症的一个独立环境风险因素；诸如事件发生时惊恐发作等特定反应可能具有预后价值。
