[Sepsis following transrectal prostate biopsy: a report of 2 cases and reviewed similar cases in Japan].

We report two cases of sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), potentially fatal complications, following transrectal prostate biopsy. We also review similar cases reported in Japan. Case 1: A 63-year-old man received a cathartic and levofloxacin (LVFX) for prophylaxis. After transrectal prostate biopsy, he presented with fever and chills. Blood cultures grew Escherichia coli resistant to LVFX. Under a diagnosis of sepsis, he received intensive management that included endotoxin removal therapy. The patient was hospitalized for 27 days. Case 2: A 64-year-old man received a cathartic and cefazolin (CEZ) for prophylaxis. He presented with fever and chills after biopsy, and was admitted to hospital. Blood cultures grew E. coli resistant to CEZ. Under a diagnosis of sepsis, he received intravenous antibiotics, transfusion, and anti-DIC drugs. The patient was hospitalized for 11 days.