Wäckers Felix L, Romeis Jörg, van Rijn Paul
Lancaster Environment Centre, Centre for Sustainable Agriculture, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4QY, UK.
Annu Rev Entomol. 2007;52:301-23. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ento.52.110405.091352.
Among herbivorous insects with a complete metamorphosis the larval and adult stages usually differ considerably in their nutritional requirements and food ecology. Often, feeding on plant structural tissue is restricted to the larval stage, whereas the adult stage feeds primarily or exclusively on plant-provided food supplements such as nectar and pollen. Research on herbivore nutritional ecology has largely been divided along these lines. Most studies focus on actual herbivory by larval stages, while nectar and pollen feeding by adult herbivores has been addressed mainly in the light of plant-pollinator interactions. Only recently have we started to realize that the two phenomena are closely interlinked and that nectar and pollen feeding by adult herbivores can have a strong impact on plant-herbivore interactions. Here we address this largely ignored aspect of multitrophic level interactions and discuss its wide-ranging implications.
在具有完全变态发育的食草昆虫中，幼虫和成虫阶段在营养需求和食物生态方面通常有很大差异。通常，取食植物结构组织仅限于幼虫阶段，而成虫阶段主要或仅以植物提供的食物补充物为食，如花蜜和花粉。食草动物营养生态学的研究在很大程度上一直沿着这些方向展开。大多数研究关注幼虫阶段的实际食草行为，而成虫食草动物取食花蜜和花粉主要是从植物 - 传粉者相互作用的角度进行探讨。直到最近我们才开始意识到这两种现象紧密相连，并且成虫食草动物取食花蜜和花粉会对植物 - 食草动物的相互作用产生强烈影响。在此，我们探讨多营养级相互作用中这个很大程度上被忽视的方面，并讨论其广泛的影响。
