Guatteo Raphaël, Beaudeau François, Berri Mustapha, Rodolakis Annie, Joly Alain, Seegers Henri
Unit of Animal Health Management, Veterinary School and INRA, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes Cedex 03, France.
Vet Res. 2006 Nov-Dec;37(6):827-33. doi: 10.1051/vetres:2006038. Epub 2006 Sep 15.
Reliable detection of Coxiella burnetii shedders is a critical point for the control of the spread of this bacterium among animals and from animals to humans. Coxiella burnetii is shed by ruminants mainly by birth products (placenta, birth fluids), but may also be shed by vaginal mucus, milk, and faeces, urine and semen. However, the informative value of these types of samples to identify shedders under field conditions is unknown. Our aim was then to describe the responses obtained using a real-time PCR technique applied to milk, vaginal mucus and faeces samples taken from 242 dairy cows in commercial dairy herds known to be naturally infected with Coxiella burnetii, and to assess their putative associations. Positive results were found in all types of tested samples even in faeces. No predominant shedding route was identified. Among the shedder cows, 65.4% were detected as shedders by only one route. By contrast, cows with positive results for all three samples were scarce (less than 7%). Testing a cow based on only one type of biological sample may lead to misclassify it with regards to its shedding of Coxiella burnetii and thereby underestimate the risk of bacterial spread within a herd.
可靠检测伯氏考克斯体排菌动物是控制该细菌在动物间以及从动物传播给人类的关键环节。伯氏考克斯体主要通过反刍动物的分娩产物（胎盘、分娩液）排出，但也可通过阴道黏液、乳汁、粪便、尿液和精液排出。然而，在野外条件下，这些样本类型对于识别排菌动物的信息价值尚不清楚。我们的目的是描述应用实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术对从242头已知自然感染伯氏考克斯体的商业奶牛场奶牛采集的乳汁、阴道黏液和粪便样本进行检测所获得的结果，并评估它们之间可能的关联。在所有类型的检测样本中，甚至在粪便中都发现了阳性结果。未确定主要的排菌途径。在排菌奶牛中，65.4%仅通过一种途径被检测为排菌动物。相比之下，所有三个样本检测结果均为阳性的奶牛很少（不到7%）。仅基于一种生物样本对奶牛进行检测可能会导致对其伯氏考克斯体排菌情况的错误分类，从而低估细菌在牛群中传播的风险。
