Healy M G, Rodgers M, Mulqueen J
Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
Bioresour Technol. 2007 Sep;98(12):2268-81. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.07.036. Epub 2006 Sep 14.
In Ireland, the most common method of disposal of dairy parlour washings is by land spreading. This treatment method has numerous problems, namely high-labour requirements and the potential for eutrophication of surface and ground waters. Constructed wetlands are commonly used for treatment of secondary municipal wastewaters and they have been gaining popularity for treatment of agricultural wastewaters in Ireland. Intermittent sand filtration may offer an alternative to traditional treatment methods. As well as providing comparable treatment performance, they also have a smaller footprint, due to the substantially higher organic loading rates that may be applied to their surfaces. This paper discusses the performance and design criteria of constructed wetlands for the treatment of domestic and agricultural wastewater, and sand filters for the treatment of domestic wastewater. It also proposes sand filtration as an alternative treatment mechanism for agricultural wastewater and suggests design guidelines.
在爱尔兰，处理奶牛场冲洗废水最常见的方法是土地施肥。这种处理方法存在诸多问题，即劳动力需求高，且地表水和地下水有富营养化的风险。人工湿地常用于处理城市二级废水，在爱尔兰，它们越来越多地用于处理农业废水。间歇式砂滤可能是传统处理方法的一种替代方案。除了能提供相当的处理效果外，由于砂滤表面可承受的有机负荷率显著更高，其占地面积也更小。本文讨论了用于处理生活污水和农业废水的人工湿地以及用于处理生活污水的砂滤的性能和设计标准。它还提出砂滤作为农业废水的一种替代处理机制，并给出了设计指南。
