Liashchenko N I, Grabarev P A, Lukin E P
Voen Med Zh. 2006 Jul;327(7):49-54, 96.
Hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (HFRS) is a typical natural-and-focal virus infection having military-and-epidemiological importance for Armed Forces of most countries. Severe forms of this infection are typical for the Far East of Russia, countries of South-East Asia and especially for the American continent. The lethality from HFRS amounts to 15-50%. The main natural carriers and keepers of HFRS stimulus are various mouse-type rodents. In Russia besides well-studied natural focuses on the Far East, Siberia, Ural, Povolge other active HFRS focuses were determined not long ago (Moscow, Orel, Lipetsk, Tula and Voronezh regions, the territory of Big Sochi). A man is infected by an aerosol, forming during drying up of rodents' urine, feces, saliva containing HFRS virus. Vaccinal prevention of HFRS in Russia hasn't yet been worked out. Ribavirin is the most effective in the treatment for HFRS. The means of prevention of population and servicemen must exclude their contact with rodents both in natural conditions and in populated areas.
肾综合征出血热（HFRS）是一种典型的自然疫源性病毒感染，对大多数国家的武装部队具有军事和流行病学重要性。这种感染的严重形式在俄罗斯远东地区、东南亚国家尤其是美洲大陆较为典型。肾综合征出血热的致死率为15%至50%。肾综合征出血热病原体的主要自然携带者和宿主是各种鼠类啮齿动物。在俄罗斯，除了在远东、西伯利亚、乌拉尔、伏尔加河地区等地经过充分研究的自然疫源地外，不久前还确定了其他活跃的肾综合征出血热疫源地（莫斯科、奥廖尔、利佩茨克、图拉和沃罗涅日地区、大索契地区）。人通过吸入含有肾综合征出血热病毒的啮齿动物尿液、粪便、唾液干燥时形成的气溶胶而感染。俄罗斯尚未制定出肾综合征出血热的疫苗预防措施。利巴韦林是治疗肾综合征出血热最有效的药物。预防民众和军人感染的措施必须包括在自然环境和居民区避免他们与啮齿动物接触。
