Harkness Jon M
J Hist Med Allied Sci. 2007 Apr;62(2):171-212. doi: 10.1093/jhmas/jrl015. Epub 2006 Sep 15.
During the 1950s, the United States Public Health Service prepared two statements on the link between smoking and lung cancer that have not been recognized by other historians. This article employs extended discussions of these two statements as vehicles to explore both internal developments at the federal health agency and larger questions surrounding the disciplinary emergence of chronic disease epidemiology. The primary cast of characters includes Surgeons General Leonard A. Scheele and Leroy E. Burney, Lewis C. Robbins (a lower-ranking Public Health Service officer, who had chief responsibility for the agency's smoking-related programs from 1958 through 1962 and who left behind a daily professional diary), and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) editor John H. Talbott. These men, and others, are seen grappling (at varying levels of engagement) with the appearance of what we now recognize as a profoundly different way of understanding chronic disease causation, which centers on survey-taking and statistical analysis of risk factors.
在20世纪50年代，美国公共卫生服务局发表了两份关于吸烟与肺癌之间联系的声明，而其他历史学家并未认可这两份声明。本文通过对这两份声明进行深入探讨，来研究联邦卫生机构的内部发展情况以及围绕慢性病流行病学学科兴起的更广泛问题。主要人物包括卫生局局长伦纳德·A·谢勒和勒罗伊·E·伯尼、刘易斯·C·罗宾斯（一位级别较低的公共卫生服务局官员，他在1958年至1962年期间主要负责该机构与吸烟相关的项目，并留下了一本日常专业日记）以及《美国医学会杂志》（JAMA）编辑约翰·H·塔尔博特。我们可以看到，这些人（参与程度各不相同）在努力应对一种我们现在认为截然不同的理解慢性病病因的方式的出现，这种方式以对风险因素的调查和统计分析为核心。
