泌尿系统癌症的化学预防试验。
Chemopreventive trials in urologic cancer.
作者信息
Ashughyan Vahagn R, Marihart Sibylle, Djavan Bob
出版信息
Rev Urol. 2006 Winter;8(1):8-13.
Cancer prevention uses natural, synthetic, or biological chemical agents to reverse, suppress, or prevent carcinogenic progression. Chemoprevention trials are based on the hypothesis that interruption of the biological process involved in carcinogenesis will inhibit this process and, in turn, reduce cancer incidence. Bladder cancer chemoprevention trials demonstrate conflicting findings. Dietary fat, soy protein, garlic, and selenium have been reported to possess anticancer properties in the bladder, but they still remain largely unstudied in vivo. Regarding prostate cancer, vitamin D deficiency was reported to increase risk for the disease, and sunlight exposure is inversely proportional to prostate cancer mortality. The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial reported a 24.4% prostate cancer incidence with placebo, compared with 18.4% with finasteride, and a reduction of 24.8% over 7 years. Dutasteride, a dual inhibitor of type 1 and type 2 5alpha-reductase, is the subject of the Reduction by Dutasteride of Prostate Cancer Events trial. Results are awaited from that study.
癌症预防使用天然、合成或生物化学制剂来逆转、抑制或预防致癌进程。化学预防试验基于这样一种假设，即中断致癌过程中涉及的生物学过程将抑制该过程，进而降低癌症发病率。膀胱癌化学预防试验结果相互矛盾。据报道，膳食脂肪、大豆蛋白、大蒜和硒在膀胱中具有抗癌特性，但在体内研究仍较少。关于前列腺癌，据报道维生素D缺乏会增加患该病的风险，而阳光照射与前列腺癌死亡率呈负相关。前列腺癌预防试验报告称，安慰剂组前列腺癌发病率为24.4%，非那雄胺组为18.4%，7年内降低了24.8%。度他雄胺是1型和2型5α-还原酶的双重抑制剂，是度他雄胺降低前列腺癌事件试验的研究对象。该研究结果有待公布。
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