Kaplan Steven A
Rev Urol. 2005;7 Suppl 8(Suppl 8):S34-42.
alpha-Blockade is the predominant form of medical therapy for the treatment of symptomatic bladder outlet obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Recent research has shown that there is a series of alpha(1) receptor subtypes present in humans and that the alpha(1A) subtype appears to play a primary role in mediating prostatic smooth muscle contraction. Recent interest has therefore focussed on the development of agents specific to this alpha(1A) receptor subtype. The approval by the Food and Drug Administration of tamsulosin, an alpha(1A)-specific antagonist, offers physicians in the United States the opportunity to prescribe a selective alpha(1)-blocker for the treatment of BPH. Tamsulosin offers a pharmacologic means to better target alpha-blockade specifically to the prostatic smooth muscle and spare the vascular smooth muscle. Use of this agent has resulted in a lower incidence of clinically relevant effects on blood pressure or heart rate and minimal cardiovascular adverse effects.
α-阻滞剂是治疗良性前列腺增生（BPH）所致有症状膀胱出口梗阻的主要药物治疗形式。最近的研究表明，人体内存在一系列α1受体亚型，且α1A亚型似乎在介导前列腺平滑肌收缩中起主要作用。因此，近来的研究兴趣集中在开发针对该α1A受体亚型的药物。α1A特异性拮抗剂坦索罗辛获美国食品药品监督管理局批准，为美国医生提供了一种用于治疗BPH的选择性α1阻滞剂的处方选择。坦索罗辛提供了一种药理学手段，能更好地将α-阻滞作用特异性地靶向前列腺平滑肌，而不影响血管平滑肌。使用该药物导致对血压或心率产生临床相关影响的发生率较低，且心血管不良反应极小。
