Haines D E, May P J, Dietrichs E
Department of Anatomy, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216.
J Comp Neurol. 1990 Sep 1;299(1):106-22. doi: 10.1002/cne.902990108.
The purpose of this study was to identify the basic pattern of interconnections between the cerebellar nuclei and hypothalamus in Macaca fascicularis. The distribution of retrogradely labeled cells and anterogradely filled cerebellofugal axons in the hypothalamus of M. fascicularis was investigated after pressure injections of a horseradish peroxidase mixture (HRP + WGA-HRP) in the cerebellar nuclei. Following injections in the lateral, anterior, and posterior interposed cerebellar nuclei retrogradely labeled cells were present in the following areas (greatest to least concentration): lateral and dorsal hypothalamic areas, dorsomedial nucleus, griseum periventriculare hypothalami, supramammillary and tuberomammillary nuclei, posterior hypothalamic area, ventromedial nucleus and periventricular hypothalamus, around the medial mammillary nucleus, lateral mammillary nucleus, and infundibular nucleus. Cell labeling was bilateral with an ipsilateral preponderance. In these same experiments anterogradely labeled cerebellar efferent fibers terminated in the contralateral posterior, dorsal and lateral hypothalamic areas, and the dorsomedial nucleus. In these regions retrogradely labeled hypothalamic cells were occasionally found in areas that also contained anterogradely filled cerebellar axons. This suggests a partial reciprocity in this system. In addition, sparse numbers of labeled cerebellar fibers recross in the hypothalamus to distribute to homologous areas ipsilateral to the injection site. Subsequent to an injection in the medial cerebellar nucleus (NM), cell labeling was present in more rostral hypothalamic levels including the lateral and dorsal hypothalamic areas, the dorsomedial nucleus, around or in fascicles of the column of the fornix, and in the periventricular hypothalamic area. Although no fastigiohypothalamic fibers were seen in this study, on the basis of information available from the literature it is likely that such a connection exists in primates. In summary, hypothalamic projections to NM originated mainly from rostral to midhypothalamic levels, whereas those projections to the lateral three cerebellar nuclei came from mid and more caudal levels. The existence of direct hypothalamic projections to cerebellar nuclei in M. fascicularis and of cerebellofugal projection to some hypothalamic centers indicates that circuitry is present through which the cerebellum may influence visceral functions. Furthermore, the fact that projections to NM versus the other cerebellar nuclei originate from somewhat different regions of the hypothalamus would suggest that the visceral functions modulated by each pathway is not the same.
本研究的目的是确定猕猴小脑核与下丘脑之间相互连接的基本模式。在小脑核内压力注射辣根过氧化物酶混合物（HRP + WGA - HRP）后，研究了猕猴下丘脑内逆行标记细胞和顺行填充的小脑传出轴突的分布。在向外侧、前侧和后侧间位小脑核注射后，逆行标记细胞出现在以下区域（浓度从高到低）：外侧和背侧下丘脑区、背内侧核、下丘脑室周灰质、乳头体上核和乳头体结节核、下丘脑后区、腹内侧核和室周下丘脑、内侧乳头体核周围、外侧乳头体核和漏斗核。细胞标记是双侧的，同侧占优势。在这些相同的实验中，顺行标记的小脑传出纤维终止于对侧下丘脑后区、背侧和外侧区以及背内侧核。在这些区域，偶尔会在也含有顺行填充的小脑轴突的区域发现逆行标记的下丘脑细胞。这表明该系统存在部分相互关系。此外，少量标记的小脑纤维在下丘脑交叉，分布到注射部位同侧的同源区域。在内侧小脑核（NM）注射后，细胞标记出现在更靠前的下丘脑水平，包括外侧和背侧下丘脑区、背内侧核、穹窿柱束周围或束内以及室周下丘脑区。尽管在本研究中未观察到顶核 - 下丘脑纤维，但根据文献中的现有信息，灵长类动物中可能存在这样的连接。总之，下丘脑向NM的投射主要起源于下丘脑的前部到中部水平，而向外侧三个小脑核的投射来自中部和更靠后的水平。猕猴中存在下丘脑直接投射到小脑核以及小脑传出投射到一些下丘脑中心，这表明存在小脑可能影响内脏功能的神经回路。此外，投射到NM与其他小脑核的起源来自下丘脑的不同区域这一事实表明，每条通路调节的内脏功能并不相同。
