Hannerz Fredrik, Destouni Georgia
Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
Ambio. 2006 Aug;35(5):214-9. doi: 10.1579/05-a-022r.1.
We present an updated, harmonized hydrologic base map of the entire Baltic Sea Drainage Basin (BSDB), including 634 subdrainage basins. The updated map has a level of detail approximately 5 to 10 times higher than the current standard and includes various spatial-aggregation possibilities of relevance for water management. All 634 subdrainage basins and their various spatial aggregations are characterized in terms of population, land cover, drainage density, and slope. We identify, quantify, and characterize, in particular, drainage basins that are unmonitored with regard to the combination of water-flow and nutrient-concentration measurements needed to monitor coastal nutrient and pollutant loading. Results indicate that out of a total BSDB population of 84 239 000 in 2002, 24% lived in unmonitored coastal drainage basins that cover 13% of the total BSDB area. A more detailed analysis of Swedish catchments indicates that Sweden has a particularly large proportion of unmonitored coastal catchment areas (20% of the total Swedish area) with high population pressures (55% of the total Swedish population), when compared with average conditions for the whole BSDB. In general, the investigated characteristics of unmonitored coastal basins vary and differ largely from those in adjacent monitored drainage basins within the BSDB.
我们展示了一幅更新的、统一的波罗的海流域（BSDB）全流域水文基础地图，其中包括634个子流域。这幅更新后的地图的详细程度比当前标准高出约5至10倍，并且包括了与水资源管理相关的各种空间聚合可能性。所有634个子流域及其各种空间聚合体都根据人口、土地覆盖、排水密度和坡度进行了特征描述。我们特别识别、量化并描述了那些在监测沿海营养物质和污染物负荷所需的水流和营养物质浓度测量方面未受到监测的流域。结果表明，在2002年BSDB的总人口8423.9万中，24%生活在未受监测的沿海流域，这些流域覆盖了BSDB总面积的13%。对瑞典集水区的更详细分析表明，与整个BSDB的平均情况相比，瑞典未受监测的沿海集水区比例特别大（占瑞典总面积的20%），且人口压力高（占瑞典总人口的55%）。总体而言，未受监测的沿海流域的调查特征各不相同，与BSDB内相邻的受监测流域有很大差异。
