Casatti Lilian, Langeani Francisco, Ferreira Cristiane P
Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, IBILCE, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, 15054-000, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
Environ Manage. 2006 Dec;38(6):974-82. doi: 10.1007/s00267-005-0212-4. Epub 2006 Sep 21.
We compared the fish assemblage structure from streams with different intensities of physical habitat degradation and chemical water pollution by domestic sewage in southeastern Brazil. Eight streams (R1-R8) showing less disturbed or more disturbed conditions of chemical water quality and of physical habitat quality were selected. Cumulative abundance and biomass, combined in ABC plots, revealed (i) biomass curves above the abundance curves, represented by the streams R1-R2 (water and habitat less disturbed) and R5-R6 (water more disturbed and habitat less disturbed), and (ii) biomass curves below the abundance curves, represented by the streams R3-R4 (water less disturbed and habitat more disturbed) and R7-R8 (water and habitat more disturbed). The quantitative structure of the ichthyofauna showed significant correspondence with physical habitat condition but not with chemical water quality. The most significant species to cause the dissimilarity between less disturbed and more disturbed physical habitats was the exotic Poecilia reticulata. Such results indicate that in the focused region-with little influence of industrial pollution, noncritical domestic sewage discharge, and soil predominantly used for pasture-streams with high physical habitat integrity possess a differently structured ichthyofauna than streams with relatively low physical habitat integrity, reinforcing the importance of the physical habitat quality and riparian conservation along these water courses, warranting the conservation of these systems. Indeed, our results also reinforce the importance of including biotic descriptors, particularly of the ichthyo-fauna, in water-monitoring programs designed to reveal signs of human interference.
我们比较了巴西东南部不同物理栖息地退化强度以及受生活污水化学水污染程度不同的溪流中的鱼类群落结构。我们选取了八条溪流（R1 - R8），这些溪流呈现出化学水质和物理栖息地质量受干扰程度较低或较高的状况。累积丰度和生物量，综合在ABC图中显示：（i）生物量曲线高于丰度曲线，以溪流R1 - R2（水和栖息地受干扰较少）和R5 - R6（水受干扰较多而栖息地受干扰较少）为代表；（ii）生物量曲线低于丰度曲线，以溪流R3 - R4（水受干扰较少而栖息地受干扰较多）和R7 - R8（水和栖息地受干扰较多）为代表。鱼类区系的定量结构与物理栖息地状况有显著对应关系，但与化学水质无关。导致受干扰较少和受干扰较多的物理栖息地之间存在差异的最显著物种是外来物种孔雀鱼。这些结果表明，在该重点区域——受工业污染影响小、生活污水排放不严重且土壤主要用于牧场——物理栖息地完整性高的溪流与物理栖息地完整性相对较低的溪流拥有结构不同的鱼类区系，这进一步凸显了这些水道沿线物理栖息地质量和河岸保护的重要性，证明了保护这些系统的必要性。实际上，我们的结果还强化了在旨在揭示人类干扰迹象的水监测项目中纳入生物描述指标，特别是鱼类区系指标的重要性。
