Cajal Santiago Ramon Y
Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
J Hist Neurosci. 2006 Dec;15(4):326-40. doi: 10.1080/09647040600649319.
This paper follows the form of that by Mazzarello that precedes it (Mazzarello, 2006) and presents an imaginary interview with Santiago Ramón y Cajal in December 1906. A few days earlier Cajal had been awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, an award that he shared equally with Professor Camillo Golgi. Golgi had been recognized for his work as a pioneer into investigations of the nervous system, primarily on account of his discovery of the "black reaction" of silver chromate impregnation of whole nerve cells and their processes. Cajal had been recognized for his implementation of that method and for laying with it the foundations of what was to become modern neuroanatomical science. Paradoxically, the two awardees had been led by their researches to diametrically opposed views of the organization of the nervous system. Golgi believed in a continuous network of axons that formed the basis of all the integrative properties of the nervous system, while Cajal had provided the information that led to the formulation of the neuron doctrine that saw the nervous system as being made up of chains of discontinuous cells joined by polarized functional contacts that we now call synapses. The paper takes the form of an interview with Professor Cajal in the Grand Hotel Stockholm. His responses to questions posed by the imaginary interviewer are all taken from Cajal's own writings.
本文采用了其之前马扎雷洛的文章形式（马扎雷洛，2006年），呈现了一段1906年12月对圣地亚哥·拉蒙·伊·卡哈尔进行的虚构访谈。几天前，卡哈尔与卡米洛·高尔基教授共同获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。高尔基因其作为神经系统研究先驱的工作而受到认可，主要是因为他发现了用铬酸银浸染整个神经细胞及其突起的“黑色反应”。卡哈尔则因对该方法的应用以及在此基础上奠定了现代神经解剖学的基础而受到认可。矛盾的是，这两位获奖者基于各自的研究得出了关于神经系统组织的截然相反的观点。高尔基相信轴突构成了一个连续的网络，是神经系统所有整合特性的基础，而卡哈尔提供的信息则促成了神经元学说的形成，该学说认为神经系统由不连续的细胞链组成，这些细胞通过我们现在称为突触的极化功能连接相连。本文采用了在斯德哥尔摩大酒店对卡哈尔教授进行访谈的形式。他对虚构采访者提出的问题的回答均取自卡哈尔自己的著作。
