Scott Joseph A, Miller Geoffrey T, Issenberg S Barry, Brotons Angel A, Gordon David Lee, Gordon Michael S, McGaghie William C, Petrusa Emil R
Center for Research in Medical Education, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
Prehosp Emerg Care. 2006 Oct-Dec;10(4):507-14. doi: 10.1080/10903120600887072.
To assess the individual and team skills acquired from an interactive training program to prepare emergency personnel to respond to terrorist acts.
We developed a 16-hour, two-day, multimedia- and simulation-enhanced course that places learners in realistic situations using the equipment required to respond to various chemical, biologic, radiologic, and explosive acts of terrorism. Small-group sessions and drills were conducted. Errors in skill performance were corrected immediately, and then skills were repeated to achieve mastery. Participants included emergency medical technicians, paramedics, nurses, and physicians. Team performance was assessed over four successive scenarios using a 100-mm visual analog scale. Individual learner skill acquisition was assessed with precourse and postcourse evaluation of selected skills in a randomized sampling of consenting learners.
Nearly all teams achieved mastery of the required skills by the second assessment rotation. Individual learners demonstrated significant gains in the ability to emergently don personal protective equipment and administer a nerve agent antidote kit.
An interactive, simulation-enhanced curriculum of terrorism response training for emergency responders can produce significant, quantifiable individual and team skill gain. Future studies should further address performance benchmarks for these newly acquired skills.
评估通过交互式培训项目获得的个人和团队技能，以使应急人员做好应对恐怖袭击的准备。
我们开发了一个为期两天、时长16小时、增强了多媒体和模拟的课程，该课程使用应对各种化学、生物、放射和爆炸恐怖主义行为所需的设备，将学习者置于现实场景中。开展了小组会议和演练。技能操作中的错误立即得到纠正，然后重复技能操作以达到熟练掌握。参与者包括急救医疗技术员、护理人员、护士和医生。使用100毫米视觉模拟量表对连续四个场景中的团队表现进行评估。在同意参与的学习者的随机样本中，通过课前和课后对选定技能的评估来评估个体学习者的技能掌握情况。
几乎所有团队在第二次评估轮次时都掌握了所需技能。个体学习者在紧急穿戴个人防护装备和使用神经毒剂解毒套件方面的能力有显著提高。
针对应急响应人员的交互式、增强模拟的恐怖主义应对培训课程可以带来显著的、可量化的个人和团队技能提升。未来的研究应进一步探讨这些新获得技能的性能基准。
