Otsuki Takeshi, Maeda Seiji, Iemitsu Motoyuki, Saito Yoko, Tanimura Yuko, Ajisaka Ryuichi, Miyauchi Takashi
Center for Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Feb;292(2):H786-91. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00678.2006. Epub 2006 Sep 22.
Arterial stiffness is higher in strength-trained humans and lower in endurance-trained humans. However, the mechanisms underlying these different adaptations are unclear. Vascular endothelium-derived factors, such as endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO), play an important role in the regulation of vascular tonus. We hypothesized that endogenous ET-1 and NO participate in the adaptation of arterial stiffness in different types of exercise training. The purpose of this study was to investigate plasma ET-1 and NO concentrations and arterial stiffness in strength- and endurance-trained men. Young strength-trained athletes (SA; n = 11), endurance-trained athletes (EA; n = 12), and sedentary control men (C; n = 12) participated in this study. Maximal handgrip strength in SA and maximal oxygen uptake in EA were markedly greater than in C. Aortic pulse-wave velocity, which is an established index of arterial stiffness, was higher in SA and lower in EA than in C. Additionally, we measured systemic arterial compliance (SAC) using carotid artery applanation tonometry and Doppler echocardiography, because arterial stiffness is a primary determinant of the compliance. SAC was lower in SA and higher in EA compared with that in C. Plasma ET-1 concentrations were higher in SA compared with C and EA. We did not find significant differences in plasma NO concentrations (measured as the stable end product of NO, i.e., nitrite/nitrate). The relationships of plasma ET-1 concentrations to aortic pulse-wave velocity and SAC were linear. These results suggest that differences in endogenous ET-1 may partly participate in the mechanism underlying different adaptations of arterial stiffness in strength- and endurance-trained men.
力量训练的人动脉僵硬度较高，而耐力训练的人动脉僵硬度较低。然而，这些不同适应性变化背后的机制尚不清楚。血管内皮衍生因子，如内皮素-1（ET-1）和一氧化氮（NO），在血管张力调节中起重要作用。我们假设内源性ET-1和NO参与了不同类型运动训练中动脉僵硬度的适应性变化。本研究的目的是调查力量训练和耐力训练男性的血浆ET-1和NO浓度以及动脉僵硬度。年轻的力量训练运动员（SA；n = 11）、耐力训练运动员（EA；n = 12）和久坐不动的对照男性（C；n = 12）参与了本研究。SA的最大握力和EA的最大摄氧量明显高于C组。作为动脉僵硬度既定指标的主动脉脉搏波速度，SA组高于C组，EA组低于C组。此外，我们使用颈动脉压平眼压测量法和多普勒超声心动图测量了全身动脉顺应性（SAC），因为动脉僵硬度是顺应性的主要决定因素。与C组相比，SA组的SAC较低，EA组的SAC较高。SA组的血浆ET-1浓度高于C组和EA组。我们未发现血浆NO浓度（以NO的稳定终产物即亚硝酸盐/硝酸盐来测量）有显著差异。血浆ET-1浓度与主动脉脉搏波速度和SAC之间呈线性关系。这些结果表明，内源性ET-1的差异可能部分参与了力量训练和耐力训练男性动脉僵硬度不同适应性变化的潜在机制。
