Gudmundsdottir K, Ashworth A
The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London, UK.
Oncogene. 2006 Sep 25;25(43):5864-74. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209874.
The BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins are important in maintaining genomic stability by promoting efficient and precise repair of double-strand breaks. The main role of BRCA2 appears to involve regulating the function of RAD51 in the repair by homologous recombination. BRCA1 has a broader role upstream of BRCA2, participating in various cellular processes in response to DNA damage. The DNA repair defect associated with mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 could be exploited to develop new targeted therapeutic approaches for cancer occurring in mutation carriers.
BRCA1和BRCA2蛋白通过促进双链断裂的高效精确修复在维持基因组稳定性方面发挥重要作用。BRCA2的主要作用似乎涉及在同源重组修复中调节RAD51的功能。BRCA1在BRCA2的上游发挥更广泛的作用，参与应对DNA损伤的各种细胞过程。与BRCA1或BRCA2突变相关的DNA修复缺陷可被利用来开发针对突变携带者所患癌症的新靶向治疗方法。
