使用被动声学监测方法对白暨豚（Lipotes vexillifer，中国淡水豚）哨声的估计探测距离。

Estimated detection distance of a baiji's (Chinese river dolphin, Lipotes vexillifer) whistles using a passive acoustic survey method.

作者信息

Wang Kexiong, Wang Ding, Akamatsu Tomonari, Fujita Kaoru, Shiraki Rika

机构信息

Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.

出版信息

J Acoust Soc Am. 2006 Sep;120(3):1361-5. doi: 10.1121/1.2221416.

DOI:10.1121/1.2221416

PMID:17004459

Abstract

Source levels and phonation intervals of whistles produced by a free-ranging baiji (Chinese river dolphin) were measured in the seminatural reserve of Shishou in Hubei, China. A total of 43 whistles were recorded over 12 recording sessions. The mean dominant frequency (the frequency at the highest energy) was 5.7 kHz (s.d. = 0.67). The calculated source level was 143.2 dB rms re 1 microPa (s.d. = 5.8). Most phonation intervals were shorter than 460 s, and the average interval was 205 s (s.d. = 254). Theoretical detection range of baiji's whistle was 6600 m at the present study site, but it could reduce a couple of hundred meters in practical noisy situation in the Yangtze River. Sporadic phonation (205 s interval on average) with relatively faint signal of baiji was considered to be difficult to be detected by a towing hydrophone system. Stationed monitoring or slow speed towing of hydrophones along the river current is recommended.

摘要

在中国湖北石首的半自然保护区，对一只自由放养的白鱀豚（长江江豚）发出的哨声的声源级和发声间隔进行了测量。在12次录音过程中，共记录到43次哨声。平均主频（能量最高处的频率）为5.7千赫（标准差=0.67）。计算得出的声源级为143.2分贝有效值，参考值为1微帕（标准差=5.8）。大多数发声间隔短于460秒，平均间隔为205秒（标准差=254）。在本研究地点，白鱀豚哨声的理论探测范围为6600米，但在长江实际嘈杂环境中，探测范围可能会减少几百米。白鱀豚偶尔发声（平均间隔205秒）且信号相对微弱，被认为很难被拖曳式水听器系统探测到。建议沿水流方向进行定点监测或低速拖曳水听器。