Sugars Rachael V, Kärner Elerin, Petersson Ulrika, Ganss Bernhard, Wendel Mikael
Centre for Oral Biology, Institute of Odontology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 Oct;1763(10):1031-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2006.08.027. Epub 2006 Aug 24.
Endochondral bone formation is orchestrated by mesenchymal cell condensation to form cartilage anlagen, which act as a template for bone formation and eventual mineralization. The current study performed gene expression analysis to examine pre- and post-mineralization stages (E15 and E19) of endochondral bone formation, using fetal metatarsal long bones as a model. An extensive number of genes were differentially expressed, with 543 transcripts found to have at least 2-fold up-regulation and 742 with a greater than 2-fold down-regulation. A bioinformatics approach was adopted based on gene ontology groups, and this identified genes associated with the regulation of signaling and skeletal development, cartilage replacement by bone, and matrix degradation and turnover. Transcripts linked to skeletal patterning, including Hoxd genes 10-12, Gli2 and Noggin were considerably down-regulated at E19. Whereas genes associated with bone matrix formation and turnover, ACP5, MMP-13, bone sialoprotein, osteopontin, dentin matrix protein-1 and MMP-9 all were distinctly up-regulated at this later time point. This approach to studying the formation of the primary ossification center provides a unique picture of the developmental dynamics involved in the molecular and biochemical processes during this intricately regulated process.
软骨内骨形成是由间充质细胞凝聚协调完成的，以形成软骨原基，软骨原基作为骨形成和最终矿化的模板。本研究以胎儿跖骨长骨为模型，对软骨内骨形成的矿化前和矿化后阶段（E15和E19）进行基因表达分析。大量基因存在差异表达，发现543个转录本至少上调2倍，742个转录本下调超过2倍。基于基因本体组采用了生物信息学方法，该方法鉴定出与信号传导和骨骼发育调节、骨替代软骨以及基质降解和周转相关的基因。与骨骼模式形成相关的转录本，包括Hoxd基因10 - 12、Gli2和Noggin在E19时显著下调。而与骨基质形成和周转相关的基因，ACP5、MMP - 13、骨唾液蛋白、骨桥蛋白、牙本质基质蛋白 - 1和MMP - 9在这个较晚的时间点均明显上调。这种研究初级骨化中心形成的方法为这一复杂调控过程中涉及的分子和生化过程的发育动态提供了独特的图景。
